论人肉搜索的刑事免责

发布时间：2018-03-13 11:01

本文选题：人肉搜索　切入点：合法性　出处：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“人肉搜索”虽然与保护人格权的大形势不相符合,进行人肉搜索也可能涉及到侵犯被搜索人的姓名权、隐私权、名誉权等人格权；近十年来,也常常因为一些不当或者违法行为而引发网民的高度关注,进而通过人肉搜索,将其一切信息、隐私及其他人格利益暴露于光天化日之下,成为众矢之的；部分“人肉搜索”行为表达的是对不当甚至是违法行为的愤怒和谴责,且这样的行为确实是无视隐私、践踏人格的网络暴行,但这些人肉搜索所带来的负面影响,并不能完全否认人肉搜索存在所具有的正面价值。“人肉搜索”,作为一种全新的搜索现象,一种新鲜事物,我们不得不承认,它能给我们的生活带来积极正面的影响。能够积极调动网民参与的积极性,集合网民力量,在比较短的时间内给出最具价值和影响的信息,使得参与者达到知情权和话语权塞现的目的,最终满足人们的信息需求。另外,它也是对违反社会公益、社会道德行为的强力监督,有助于弘扬社会正气,遏制邪恶之风。若对人肉搜索进行全面禁止,其实也是变相剥夺公民自由表达言论,表达意志的权利,所以,人肉搜索虽有弊端,但绝不可全面禁止,扼杀这一新生现象。人肉搜索也确实需要引导、规制,以便走向利于人们生活的方向,但必须要讲究方法。我们确实应该对“人肉搜索”的侵权行为进行归制,但是进行规制的过程中应该讲求适宜的方法和管控机制,绝不是不加区分地按照刑法处以严刑,极刑加以制止。就目前来说,虽然国内出现了因“人肉搜索”而导致的恶性事件,但是总体上来看并未严重至触犯刑法。若统统入罪刑法,一方面是对公民的言论自由权、知情权和舆论监督权等由宪法赋予公民的基本权利的限制和侵犯,同时也是对刑法“谦抑性原则”、“罪刑法定原则”即“法无明文规定不为罪,法无明文规定不受处罚”的违反。刑法之外的人肉搜索的法律监管是更合适的,可以针对人肉搜索行为的自发性和道德约束,如民法、行政法、治安管理处罚法等。人肉搜索的危害性往往很有限,利用民事途径就可以妥善解决相关问题,比如说利用赔礼道歉、停止侵害、赔偿损失等方式。
[Abstract]:Although "human flesh search" is not in line with the general situation of protecting personality rights, the conduct of human flesh search may also involve infringement of the person's right to name, privacy, reputation, etc. In the past ten years, Also often because of some improper or illegal behavior and triggered a high degree of concern by Internet users, and then through human flesh search, its information, privacy and other personality interests exposed under broad daylight, become the target of public criticism; Some of the "human flesh search" acts express anger and condemnation of improper or even illegal acts, and such acts are indeed online atrocities that disregard privacy and trample on personality, but the negative effects of these human flesh searches, "Human flesh search" as a new search phenomenon, a new thing, we have to admit, It can have a positive and positive impact on our lives. It can actively mobilize the enthusiasm of netizens to participate, gather the power of netizens, and give the most valuable and influential information in a relatively short period of time. To enable participants to achieve the purpose of the right to know and the right to speak, and ultimately to meet the information needs of people. In addition, it is also a strong supervision of social public welfare and social moral behavior, which is conducive to promoting social justice. Curb the wind of evil. A complete ban on human flesh search is in fact a disguised denial of citizens' right to freely express their speech and will. Therefore, although human flesh search has its drawbacks, it must not be completely banned. The search for human flesh really needs to be guided and regulated in order to be beneficial to people's life, but we must pay attention to methods. We really should classify the torts of "human flesh search", but in the process of regulation, we should lay stress on the appropriate methods and control mechanisms, and never impose severe punishment in accordance with the criminal law without distinction. Capital punishment should be stopped. At present, although there have been vicious incidents caused by "human flesh search" in China, on the whole, they have not been serious enough to violate the criminal law. If all of them are criminalized, on the one hand, it is the right to freedom of expression of citizens. The right to know and the right to supervision by public opinion are restricted and infringed upon by the Constitution. At the same time, they are violations of the "principle of modesty" of the Criminal Law and the "principle of legally prescribed punishment", that is, "the law does not explicitly stipulate that it is not a crime, and the law does not expressly stipulate that it is not punishable". The legal supervision of human flesh search outside criminal law is more appropriate and can be directed against the spontaneity and moral restriction of human flesh search behavior, such as civil law, administrative law, public security administration punishment law, etc. The harm of human flesh search is often very limited. Civil channels can be used to properly solve related problems, such as apology, stop infringement, compensation for losses and so on.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924

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