假冒注册商标罪问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 16:09

本文选题：商标权　切入点：犯罪对象　出处：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：知识产权作为新兴产业，随着人类进入知识经济时代，在世界各国发挥着举足轻重的作用。我国作为一个发展中的大国，基于本身发展和国际经济与贸易的需要，也十分重视知识产权的开发与保护。为此，我国2008年颁布了《国家知识产权战略纲要》，旨在加强我国知识产权的开发、运用和保护能力，建设创新型国家。然而，我国当前侵犯知识产权案件，随着我国经济不断发展呈现猖獗之势，大案要案频发，案件数量不断增加，社会危害性严重，侵犯商标权犯罪案件尤其突出。这不仅侵害了商标权人的利益，破坏了公平有序的市场经济秩序，恶化投资环境，也阻碍我对外贸易的快速、健康发展。在我国刑法关于商标犯罪的规定中，假冒注册商标罪是学界讨论最多、司法实践中适用较多的罪名，其本身存在的问题为司法适用带来一些困扰。为此，笔者针对该罪存在的理论和实践应用中出现的问题进行了梳理和分析，提出了自己的观点，期望能对该罪的完善尽绵薄之力。本文分为五个部分。第一个部分主要介绍了我国当前商标犯罪的概况。运用一些统计数据和一些案例说明当前商标犯罪的数量、趋势以及犯罪特点等。由此提出商标权刑法保护之必要性和紧急性。第二个部分主要是对假冒注册商标犯罪的对象进行了分析和认定。在该罪中，对同一商品和相同商标的认定历来是一个疑难问题，，最高人民法院联合最高人民检察院专门出台了司法解释对其进行解释说明，希望减少实践认定之中的模糊之处，但并没有起到定纷止争的效果。笔者认为同一种商品的认定应当综合考虑《商标注册用商品和服务国际分类表》和主消费者的主观认识。另一个关于对象的争议就是服务商标。我国假冒注册商标罪只规定了对商品商标的保护，没有将服务商标作为保护对象。对此，有学者认为应当将服务商标纳入刑法保护。笔者对此持肯定的观点，认为应当将服务商标纳入刑法的保护。第三个部分，针对学界对同一种商品使用近似商标，类似产品上使用相同商标，类似产品上使用近似商标三种商标侵权行为以及反向假冒商标行为是否应当纳入刑法规制的争议，笔者在分析和评价肯定论和否定论的基础上，提出笔者自己的观点。第四个部分主要是笔者认为现行法律关于假冒注册商标的罚金刑配置方式不合理，导致罚金数额虚高，罚金得不到执行，使罚金刑的作用得不到发挥，也影响了判决的严肃性。笔者在分析和评价四种不同的罚金刑立法配置之后，提出了应当采用限额罚金制的观点。第五个部分通过“天价罚金案”引出假冒注册商标罪的犯罪数额计算方式产生的争议。对于侵权商品标价和实际销售差距较大时，笔者认为应当按照有利于被告的价格来认定非法经营数额，这符合刑法的谦抑性原则。
[Abstract]:Intellectual property as an emerging industry, with the coming of the era of knowledge economy, plays an important role in the world. China is a developing country, need development and international economic and trade based, also attaches great importance to intellectual property development and protection. Therefore, our country in 2008 promulgated the "outline of national intellectual property strategy", to strengthen the development of China's intellectual property rights, use and protection, the construction of an innovative country. However, China's current intellectual property infringement cases, with the present rampant China's economic development, frequent major cases, the number of cases increased, serious social harm, the crime of trademark infringement cases especially. This not only violated the interests of trademark, destroy a fair and orderly market economic order, the deterioration of the investment environment, fast speed, also hinder the healthy development of our foreign trade in my. Provisions on trademark crime in China's criminal law, the crime of counterfeiting registered trademarks is the largest academic discussion, in the judicial practice for more charges, the problems of its own for the judicial application bring some problems. Therefore, the author combs and analysis for the crime exists in theory and practice of the problem, put forward their own the view is expected to improve to this crime Mianbozhili.
This paper is divided into five parts. The first part mainly introduces the current situation of trademark crime in China. By using some statistical data and some cases, it explains the current number, trend and characteristics of trademark crime. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to protect trademark right in criminal law.
The second part is the object of the crime of counterfeiting registered trademarks were analyzed and identified. In this crime, cognizance of the same commodity and the same trademark is always a difficult problem, the Supreme People's court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate issued a special judicial interpretation of the explanation, hoping to reduce the ambiguity that in practice, but did not play a mediating effect. The author thinks that the same kind of goods that should be considered "trademark registered by the international classification of goods and services and the main table > consumer's subjective understanding. Another controversy is about as service trademark. In China only the provisions of the crime of counterfeiting registered trademarks the protection of trademarks, service marks will not be protected. In this regard, some scholars believe that the service should be included in the criminal protection of trademark. The author holds a positive view, should be the service The trademark is included in the protection of the criminal law.
The third part, the academic use of similar trademarks on the same goods, the use of the same trademark on similar products, similar products on the use of similar trademarks three kinds of trademark infringement and counterfeit trademark reverse behaviors will be incorporated into the criminal law dispute, based on the analysis and evaluation to the negative theory and basis of conclusion, the author puts forward their point of view.
The fourth part is the author thinks that the current law of penalty configuration on counterfeit registered trademarks are not reasonable, resulting in the amount of the fine penalty is not high, the execution of fine penalty functions not play, also affects the seriousness of the decision. Based on the analysis and evaluation of four different legislative penalty configuration then, put forward should be used to limit fine system point of view.
Fifth part of the "super fine case" leads to the crime of counterfeiting registered trademarks crime amount calculation for infringement disputes. The price of goods and the actual sales gap is large, the author thinks that should be in accordance with the price for the defendant to determine the amount of illegal business, the character of the criminal law. The principle of modesty and

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.33

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