雇佣犯罪的刑事责任研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 13:40

本文选题：雇佣犯罪 + 刑事责任　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为一种高发的犯罪类型，雇佣犯罪有着深刻的历史渊源与时代背景。我国当今社会正处于历史转型期，社会经济结构、价值观念、文化形态等面临深刻变革，人民内部矛盾凸显，各种劳资冲突、名利争斗、经济纠纷、婚恋矛盾增多，受金钱万能、拜金主义等腐朽思想的影响，“有了钱，什么都能做”的错误观念在不少人的心理重新扎根，加之社会道德滑坡，个人罪恶感差，逃脱法律制裁的侥幸心理作祟，使雇佣者铤而走险采取这种极端的方式来解决纠纷，而另一方面，随着社会贫富差距的拉大，两极分化严重，导致一部分人心理失衡为了钱什么都敢做，这样就形成了雇佣犯罪中的“买方市场”与“卖方市场”，导致该类犯罪层出不穷、屡见报端。与日益猖獗的雇佣犯罪现象相比，我国对雇佣犯罪的研究还极度落后，理论界甚至就雇佣犯罪概念、特征、性质这些基本问题还存在争论，就更别说形成强有力的完整的统一的理论体系，我国的刑法以及司法解释更是没有对雇佣犯罪有只言片语的涉及，，这就导致在处理雇佣犯罪案件时，适用刑法的不统一，有损法律尊严和司法权威。本文由五部分构成，除前言和后记外，正文分为三部分：第一部分，雇佣犯罪概述。考察了雇佣犯罪的历史沿革；通过分析、比较其他学者的观点，得出笔者对雇佣犯罪概念的理解，雇佣犯罪是指雇佣者为实现自己的犯罪意图，通过支付佣金的方式，要求被雇佣者单独实施或要求被雇佣者与自己一起实施刑法分则所规定的构成要件行为的的犯罪形式。笔者认为，雇佣犯罪区别于其他犯罪最主要的特征在于其非法交易性，即雇佣者以金钱或其他财产性利益购买被雇佣者的犯罪行为，雇佣者从中获利或者使自己从中得到某种心理等方面的满足，而被雇佣者以收取佣金为目的不参与对犯罪利益的分成。第二部分，雇佣犯罪与共同犯罪的关系。探讨了共同犯罪人的分类，把雇佣犯罪与正犯、教唆犯、组织犯、帮助犯等概念进行了比较，理顺了雇佣犯罪与共同犯罪的关系，并分析了独立使用雇佣犯罪这一概念的现实意义、理论意义以及刑法规定雇佣犯罪的困境。笔者认为，研究雇佣犯罪的刑事责任必须建立在分工分类法的基础上，只有这样才能准确认定雇佣者与被雇佣者在雇佣犯罪中扮演的角色，从而反映出其在雇佣犯罪中所起的作用与地位。第三部分，雇佣犯罪的刑事责任认定。笔者以一起涉及实行过限的雇凶伤害案为切入点，探讨了认定雇佣者与被雇佣者刑事责任时应坚持的一般原则，实行过限的判定标准以及雇佣犯罪中各犯罪人刑事责任认定的途径。
[Abstract]:As a type of crime with high incidence, employment crime has profound historical origin and historical background.Our society is in the period of historical transformation, the social economic structure, the value concept, the cultural form and so on face the profound transformation, the people internal contradiction prominent, each kind of labor and capital conflict, the fame and fortune struggle, the economic dispute, the marriage and love contradiction increases,Influenced by decadent ideas such as money omnipotence and money worship, the misconception that "with money, you can do anything" has taken root again in the psychology of many people. In addition, social morality has declined, personal guilt has been poor, and the lucky psychology of escaping legal sanctions has been haunted.Employers are desperate to take this extreme approach to resolving disputes. On the other hand, as the gap between the rich and the poor widens, the polarization becomes so serious that some people lose their minds and dare to do anything for the sake of money.In this way, the buyer's market and the seller's market are formed in the employment crime.Compared with the increasingly rampant phenomenon of employment crime, the study of employment crime in our country is still extremely backward, the theoretical circle even on the concept of employment crime, characteristics, nature of these basic issues are still controversial.Not to mention the formation of a strong and complete unified theoretical system, the criminal law and judicial interpretation of our country do not have a single word of reference to the employment crime, which leads to the inconsistent application of the criminal law when dealing with the employment crime cases.Undermine the dignity of the law and the authority of the judiciary.This paper consists of five parts, except preface and postscript, the text is divided into three parts:The first part is an overview of employment crime.By analyzing and comparing the views of other scholars, the author comes to the author's understanding of the concept of employment crime, which refers to the way that the employer pays commissions to realize his criminal intention.A form of crime that requires an employed person to commit, alone or with himself, the constitutive elements of a criminal law.The author thinks that the main characteristic of the employment crime is its illegal transaction, that is, the employer buys the hired person with money or other property interests, the most important characteristic of which is that the employment crime is different from other crimes.The employer profited from it or obtained some psychological satisfaction from it, while the employed person did not participate in the sharing of criminal benefits for the purpose of collecting commission.The second part is the relationship between employment crime and joint crime.This paper discusses the classification of joint offenders, compares the concepts of employment crime with principal offender, abettor, organized crime and aiding crime, and straightens out the relationship between employment crime and joint crime.It also analyzes the practical significance of the concept of independent employment crime, the theoretical significance and the predicament of the employment crime stipulated in the criminal law.The author believes that the study of criminal liability of employment crime must be based on the division of labor classification, only in this way can the role of the employer and the employed in the employment crime be accurately identified.Thus reflecting its role and position in the employment crime.The third part, the criminal liability determination of employment crime.Based on a case involving excessive limitation of employment injury, the author discusses the general principles that should be adhered to when determining the criminal liability of the employer and the employed person.The judgment standard of excessive limit and the way of criminal responsibility confirmation in employment crime are put into practice.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D914

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