走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品罪量刑研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 14:21

本文选题：贩卖毒品 + 毒品数量　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：鸦片和中国半殖民地半封建社会的开端有着不可分离的关系，毒品在中国人心中是导致近代以来中国丧权辱国的一个罪魁祸首。直到现在，民众也没有抹去这种心理阴霾即依然是“谈毒色变”。国家对于毒品犯罪采取“零容忍”的态度，表现在刑法设置罪名体系抑制毒品的生产与流通，并对走私、贩卖毒品罪等核心罪名配以多个法定刑等级和极刑。在此基础上，严刑重罚的司法取向同样清晰载现了受历史创痛和对滥用毒品恐惧心理的影响痕迹。有鉴于此，如何立足于罪刑均衡原则合理量刑，理应引起刑法学界的高度关注。本文共分六个部分：共40000字。第一部分：概述目前现行刑法规定的走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品罪的构成特点及法定刑配置，归纳其刑罚配置和适用的重刑特征，简单介绍审判实践中适用刑罚的现状。第二部分：分析毒品种类、数量、纯度对量刑的影响。首先，由于毒品种类不同对滥用者的危害就不同，不同种类毒品毒害程度可以经实验形成折算公式予以判断，由国家食品药品监督管理局负责对追加管理的毒品确定折算比例，可以保障量刑的客观性和科学性；其次，毒品数量是决定毒品犯罪社会危害性的最重要的因素，目前法院对量刑起点和基准刑的确定主要依据是毒品数量；最后，主张毒品的数量要按照纯度进行折算。第三部分：分析走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品罪未遂对量刑的影响。首先明晰了“贩卖”的含义，针对贩卖毒品罪的既遂标准提出了“进入交付环节”的观点，紧接着讨论了同一个案件中部分毒品进入交付环节而部分毒品未进入交付环节如何合理计算毒品数量的问题，并提出参照未遂形态下的从轻或者减轻幅度来合理量刑的观点；其次，以贩卖毒品罪的未遂形态为参照，确定其他三种行为类型的未遂标准；最后，针对走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品罪不能犯未遂，提出以行为人行为的客观危害性为中心合理量刑的主张。第四部分：分析对走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品罪共犯人的量刑。首先，就受雇佣运输毒品的行为人的责任问题，提出通常情况下从轻处罚的主张；并认为多人同时受雇佣运输毒品的案件中，仅凭“几个受雇佣运输毒品的行为人相互之间明知各自为同一个雇主运输毒品”这一条件不能认定为共犯，其毒品数量不应合计。其次，就居间介绍毒品交易中如何认定居间人的毒品数量问题，提出若居间人在介绍过程中有明确的毒品数量则按该毒品数量计算，若只有概括故意未具体提及毒品数量则按该次交易中实际交易的毒品数量计算。第五部分：分析在诱惑侦查下对犯罪人的量刑。首先，否定“犯意诱发型”侦查的正当性；其次，针对“机会提供型”诱惑侦查下实施犯罪的人，提出将其按未遂犯予以处理的观点；最后，对于“数量型”诱惑侦查下实施犯罪的人，应当在计算毒品数量的时候，将受诱惑超出行为人犯意范围的部分毒品数量排除于定罪量刑数额之外。第六部分：分析毒品再犯对量刑的影响。首先，简要介绍毒品再犯与累犯之间的关系，其次，，主张二者竞合时应当按“重法优于轻罚”规则，且对其予以具体论证。
[Abstract]:The beginning of opium and China semi colonial and semi feudal society has inseparable relations, drugs in the Chinese heart is leading to a arch-criminal Chinese humiliating since modern times. Until now, the people did not erase the psychological haze that is still about poison discoloration. "The country adopted a" zero tolerance "attitude to drug crime, production and circulation performance set the charge system in the criminal law and the suppression of drugs, smuggling, drug trafficking and other core crimes with a number of statutory punishment level and capital punishment. On this basis, the orientation of judicial penalties also clear the historical load effect on the pain and fear of drug abuse traces. In view of this, based on how the principle of reasonable sentencing, should arouse the attention of criminal academia.
This article is divided into six parts: a total of 40000 words.
The first part is an overview of the characteristics of the crime of smuggling, trafficking, transporting and manufacturing drugs, and the allocation of statutory penalty in the current criminal law. The characteristics of penalty allocation and applicable penalty are summarized, and the application of penalty in trial practice is briefly introduced.
The second part: quantitative analysis of drugs, and affect the purity of sentencing. Firstly, due to different types of harm to the drug abusers is different, different types of drugs can be formed by the degree of toxicity experimental conversion formula to judge, the conversion ratio is determined by the State Food and drug administration is responsible for the management of additional drugs, can guarantee the objectivity and the science of sentencing; secondly, the quantity of drugs is the most important factor in determining the social harmfulness of drug crimes, the court for sentencing and punishment to determine the benchmark starting point is the main basis for the quantity of drugs; the number of claims, drugs to convert in accordance with purity.
The third part: the analysis of smuggling, trafficking, transporting and manufacturing drugs affect the attempted crime on the sentencing. First clarify the meaning of "trafficking" standard for the crime of drug trafficking crime put forward "into delivery link" point of view, then discusses the central one case is divided into the delivery of drugs and some drugs did not link enter the delivery link how to calculate the quantity of drugs, and put forward the reference to the attempted form of a lighter or mitigated rate to reasonable sentencing opinion; secondly, in the form of attempted crime of drug trafficking as a reference to determine the attempted standard other three types of activities; finally, for smuggling, trafficking, transporting and manufacturing of drugs can not make put forward to attempt, objective harm behavior is reasonable sentencing claims.
The fourth part: the analysis of smuggling, trafficking, transporting and manufacturing of drugs were criminal sentencing. Firstly, by hiring responsibility to transport drugs to people, this usually lighter punishment claims; and that many people are hired to transport drugs cases at the same time, only by "a few hired to transport drugs the behavior of people between the respective knowing the condition of the same employer transporting drugs can not be identified as an accomplice, the quantity of drugs should not be together. Secondly, how to determine the quantity of drug problem is the intermediary intermediary drug deal, if a broker in the introduction process have definite quantity of drugs is calculated according to the the quantity of drugs, if only the general intention did not specifically mention the number of drugs according to the actual quantity of drugs transaction in the transaction in the calculation.
The fifth part: the analysis of the crime in the enticementdetection sentencing. Firstly, negative "make legitimacy of the intention luring investigation; secondly, according to the" opportunity to provide "the crime under the temptation investigation, put forward according to the attempted offense to deal with the point of view; finally, the" quantity "of temptation investigation the implementation of the crime, should be in the calculation of the quantity of drugs, the number of parts will be affected by the temptation of drugs beyond the scope of criminal behavior intention on the conviction and sentencing amount.
The sixth part analyzes the impact of drug recidivism on sentencing. First, it briefly introduces the relationship between recidivism and recidivism. Secondly, it argues that when the two compete concurrence, we should follow the rule of "heavier punishment than punishment" and demonstrate it concretely.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

【参考文献】