水上交通肇事逃逸行为的刑法分析

发布时间：2018-04-16 06:08

本文选题：水上交通 + 交通肇事逃逸　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：交通运输除了道路交通运输外还包括了水路交通运输,同理,水上交通肇事犯罪与陆上交通肇事犯罪,都属于危害公共安全犯罪。但两者有着不同的特性,尤其是交通肇事逃逸方面,水上交通肇事逃逸犯罪有着其独特的特征,由于水上航运的特殊性,使得几乎每起水上交通肇事都有着极大的逃逸可能性,且逃逸致人死亡的可能性远远大于陆上交通肇事逃逸。目前,我国立法中有关水上交通肇事逃逸刑事责任的规定仅限于我国刑法第133条规定的交通肇事罪,此罪名以及相应的司法解释完全是按照陆上车辆肇事的标准及情况来设置的,若直接适用于水上交通肇事逃逸犯罪定罪量刑会有不适合的地方。水上环境特殊肇事后逃逸极不利于对受害者的救助,对人命、财产、海洋污染都有着严重的威胁。近年来,水上交通肇事逃逸率居高不下且逃逸之后被害人的死亡率极高,肇事者的逃逸基本上等同于给受害者判了死刑,在这种特殊的水上环境之下的逃逸能否转化为间接地故意杀人。同时水上交通肇事逃逸往往导致“人员失踪”、“环境污染”等陆上交通肇事极少出现的危害结果,此种危害后果能否作为水上交通肇事逃逸所导致的危害结果在定罪量刑予以考虑。立法上的缺陷使得海事司法的困惑日益凸显,对于类似的案件各地司法机关的处理结果也大相径庭。这种司法的不统一不利于刑法的权威性也助长了逃逸心理的滋长。本文分共为四个部分：第一部分为对水上交通肇事逃逸行为的概述,主要从水陆不同区别上对水上交通肇事逃逸行为进行了解读、分析与陆上不同的特点、以及社会危害性；第二部分主要阐述追究水上交通肇事逃逸行为犯罪的刑事责任的依据以及现阶段在司法实践中的追责的困难；第三部分主要阐述水上交通肇事逃逸如何追究刑事责任的问题,分析了水上交通肇事逃逸导致人员失踪的情况下如何追究刑事责任的问题,分析了在水上交通肇事逃逸造成水域环境污染与污染环境罪竞合的情况下追究何种刑事责任的问题,分析了在水域环境内“因逃逸致人死亡”与故意杀人之间的争议问题,以及此种情况如何追究刑事责任；第四部分主要为有效控制和减少水上交通肇事逃逸行为的法律建议及对策。
[Abstract]:In addition to road transportation, transportation also includes waterway transportation, the same as waterborne traffic crime and land traffic crime, which all belong to crimes against public safety.But the two have different characteristics, especially in the aspect of traffic hit-and-run, the crime of waterborne hit-and-run has its unique characteristics, because of the particularity of waterborne shipping, almost every waterborne traffic hit-and-run has a great possibility of escape.Moreover, the possibility of death caused by escape is far greater than that caused by land traffic.At present, the provisions on the criminal liability for hit-and-run of waterborne traffic in Chinese legislation are limited to the traffic accident crime stipulated in Article 133 of the Criminal Law of our country.This charge and the corresponding judicial explanation are set up in accordance with the standards and circumstances of the onshore vehicle hit-and-run crime. If it is directly applicable to the conviction and sentencing of the escaped crime of waterborne traffic, there will be some unsuitable places.The escape after a special hit-and-run on water environment is not conducive to the rescue of the victims, and it is a serious threat to human life, property and marine pollution.In recent years, the escape rate of waterborne traffic accidents has been high and the death rate of victims has been extremely high. The escape of the perpetrators is basically equivalent to the death penalty imposed on the victims.Can escape in this particular aquatic environment translate into indirect intentional killing.At the same time, water traffic hit-and-run often leads to "missing persons", "environmental pollution" and other land-based traffic accidents rarely occur harm results.Whether the consequence of such harm can be considered as the result of water traffic hit-and-run in the conviction and sentencing.The defects in legislation make the confusion of maritime justice more and more prominent, and the results of dealing with similar cases vary greatly.This kind of judicial disunity is not conducive to the authority of criminal law and promotes the growth of escape psychology.This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is an overview of the hit-and-run behavior of water traffic, mainly from the different differences between water and land, the analysis of the characteristics of different from the land, as well as social harm;The second part mainly expounds the basis of investigating the criminal responsibility of the escape behavior of water traffic accident and the difficulty of pursuing the responsibility in the judicial practice at the present stage; the third part mainly expounds the problem of how to investigate the criminal responsibility for the escape of the water traffic hit-and-run act.This paper analyzes the problem of how to investigate the criminal responsibility in the case of missing persons caused by the escape of water traffic hit-and-run, and analyzes the question of what kind of criminal responsibility to investigate when the environmental pollution of the water area caused by the escape of the waterborne traffic accident is in harmony with the crime of pollution of the environment.This paper analyzes the dispute between "death caused by escape" and intentional homicide in the water environment, and how to investigate criminal responsibility in this situation;The fourth part is mainly for the effective control and reduction of water traffic hit-and-run behavior legal advice and countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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