刑法解释限度新论

发布时间：2018-04-16 20:58

本文选题：刑法解释限度 + 文义射程说　；参考：《湘潭大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：刑法解释限度是指刑事司法解释所能达致的最远距离与范围，，其主要内容包括刑法扩张解释的限度、限制解释的限度以及刑法解释与刑事立法的区分。刑法解释限度的法理基础是罪刑法定原则，现实依据则是我国现行司法解释制定、适用之乱象。解决刑法解释限度问题的关键在于对限度标准的把握，对此问题，刑法理论界主要存在文义射程说、国民预测可能性说、犯罪定型说、犯罪定型修正说、明显突兀感说等学说分歧。应该说，这些学说的讨论是极具价值的，为准确把握刑法解释的限度标准提供了有益的思考方向，然而，通过对其内容、意义以及缺陷的分析发现，这些学说都难言就是合理的限度标准本身。实际上，刑法解释限度的最大意义是在为刑法适用提供一种内在合理外在合法的解释规则，站在更为务实或曰便于司法适用的立场去讨论才是一种更为可取的方向。应当看到，刑法规范的含义并不完全等同于刑法条文在词典中的含义，只有准确理解每个刑法规范的性质与目的，才能准确解释刑法。作为解释刑法重要一环的刑法解释限度，理应受到刑法规范特殊的性质与目的的制约。由此所决定，刑法解释限度标准可以表述为“以法益侵害为基准的规范本质说”。“规范本质说”主要有两个核心要素：法益侵害与规范本质。法益侵害是行为入罪化解释的第一道关卡：有法益侵害才能入罪；重法益侵害才能入重罪。但是，也并非任何有法益侵害的行为都应入罪，行为最终能否入罪还应受到第二道关卡即规范本质的限制。所谓规范本质，是指能够区分罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪的刑法规范的本质含义与属性。对规范本质的把握主要有以下几点因素可供考量：一是规范本质必须体现刑法的规范目的并与规范目的相互印证与说明；二是对单个刑法条文的理解必须结合整个刑法规范并尽可能地与整个刑法体系相协调；三是对刑法规范本质的理解应当顺应社会发展的实际情况并体现出刑法规范的特殊性之所在。总之，任何行为，只有兼具实质入罪合理性的“法益侵害”与形式入罪合法性的“规范本质”，才是刑法意义上的犯罪行为。
[Abstract]:The limit of criminal law interpretation refers to the farthest distance and scope that can be achieved by criminal judicial interpretation. Its main content includes the limit of criminal law expansion interpretation, the limitation of criminal law interpretation and the distinction between criminal law interpretation and criminal legislation.The legal basis of the limit of the interpretation of criminal law is the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime, while the realistic basis is the confusion in the formulation and application of the current judicial interpretation in our country.The key to solve the problem of the limit of interpretation of criminal law is to grasp the standard of limitation. To this problem, there are mainly theories of range of literary meaning, possibility of national prediction, theory of crime stereotyping, theory of amendment of crime stereotype,It is obvious that the theory of sudden feeling is different.It should be said that the discussion of these theories is of great value and provides a useful direction of thinking for accurately grasping the limit standard of the interpretation of criminal law. However, through the analysis of its content, significance and defects, it is found that,These doctrines cannot be said to be reasonable limits per se.In fact, the maximum meaning of the limit of the interpretation of criminal law is to provide an internal, reasonable and external legal interpretation rule for the application of criminal law, and it is a preferable direction to discuss it from a more pragmatic or convenient position of judicial application.It should be noted that the meaning of criminal law norms is not exactly equivalent to the meaning of criminal law provisions in the dictionary. Only by accurately understanding the nature and purpose of each criminal law norm can criminal law be accurately interpreted.As an important part of the interpretation of criminal law, the limit of criminal law interpretation should be restricted by the special nature and purpose of criminal law norms.Therefore, the limit standard of criminal law interpretation can be expressed as "the normative essence theory based on the infringement of legal interests".There are two core elements of normative essence: legal interest infringement and normative essence.Legal interest infringement is the first step in the interpretation of behavior incrimination: only legal interest infringement can be criminalized; law interest infringement can be considered as felony.However, not all acts that have legal interests should be criminalized, and whether they can be incriminated or not should be restricted by the nature of the second hurdle.The so-called normative essence refers to the essential meaning and attribute of the criminal law norm which can distinguish the crime from the non-crime.To grasp the essence of norms, there are the following factors to be considered: first, the essence of norms must embody the normative purpose of criminal law and confirm and explain each other with the purpose of norms;Second, the understanding of individual articles of criminal law must be combined with the whole criminal law norms and be coordinated with the whole criminal law system as much as possible;Third, the understanding of the essence of criminal law norms should conform to the actual situation of social development and reflect the particularity of criminal law norms.In a word, any act is a criminal act in the sense of criminal law only if the "legal interest infringement" and the "normative essence" of the legality of formal incrimination are both reasonable and substantial.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D914

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