聚众斗殴罪转化犯问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 04:15

本文选题：聚众斗殴罪转化犯 + 转化条件　；参考：《辽宁大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：聚众斗殴罪是我国现行刑法第二百九十二条的规定,具有多发性、常见性的特点,具有严重的社会危害性,聚众斗殴行为实施过程中,往往场面混乱,人员众多,且常持有杀伤性器械,因而刑法第二百九十二条第二款规定：“聚众斗殴,致人重伤、死亡的,依照本法第二百三十四条、第二百三十二条的规定定罪处罚。”此条款对聚众斗殴造成重伤、死亡的情形进行了规制,但该条款的规定失之过简,且无相应的立法解释与司法解释,实践中也没有统一的适用标准,导致实践中对该条款的适用存在很大的争议,经常判罚不一,影响了司法适用的统一与公平正义。同时,聚众斗殴罪自身也具有复杂的特性,参与人员众多,各行为人身份不同,对危害结果的作用不同,且如果聚众斗殴人数众多则会造成场面混乱,因而在聚众斗殴罪转化犯认定的过程中,往往存在具体的转化犯主体范围难以确定、转化犯侵害对象范围不明确,转化后认定何罪标准不统一等问题,这些问题亟待解决。文章共分四个部分,对上述问题进行了详细的探讨。第一部分论述了聚众斗殴罪转化的前提条件,笔者支持客观条件说,具体而言包括行为人的基础行为构成聚众斗殴罪,行为人致人重伤、死亡的结果发生在聚众斗殴过程中,以及行为人的犯罪故意不必然转化。第二部分论述了聚众斗殴罪转化犯的主体范围。笔者认为应分两种情况,一是能够查清直接致害人的情形,对直接致害人与首要分子转化定罪,但首要分子事前明确表示排斥重伤、死亡结果的除外。二是无法查清直接致害人的情形,能够查清共同致害人的,共同致害人与首要分子转化,无共同致害人的,仅首要分子转化。第三部分论述了聚众斗殴罪转化犯侵害对象。笔者认为,当行为人基于打击错误和对象认识错误而造成无辜案外人重伤、死亡的,该无辜案外人属于聚众斗殴罪转化犯侵害对象,如行为人在聚众斗殴中另起犯意造成无辜案外人重伤、死亡的,该案外人不属于聚众斗殴罪转化犯侵害对象。当行为人造成己方成员伤亡时,该己方成员是聚众斗殴罪转化犯的侵害对象。第四部分就聚众斗殴罪转化犯转化后的罪名认定进行了探讨。笔者认为,在一般情况下,应遵循“以结果转为主,以主观转为辅”的原则。在出现竞合的条件下,则要按照想象竞合理论,从一重论处,至于首要分子在该种情形下的处罚应分情况探讨。当伤亡结果由同一致害人造成时,根据想象竞合原理从一重罪论处；当伤亡结果分别由不同行为人造成时,应以较重的结果转化定罪,即构成故意杀人罪。
[Abstract]:The crime of affray is the stipulation of Article 292 of the present Criminal Law of our country. It has the characteristics of multiple, common and serious social harmfulness. In the course of carrying out the affray, the scene is often chaotic and the personnel are numerous.The second paragraph of Article 292 of the Criminal Law stipulates: "whoever engages in affray, causes serious injury or dies shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 234 and Article 232 of this Law."This clause regulates the situation of serious injury and death caused by affray, but the provisions of this provision are too simple, and there is no corresponding legislative and judicial interpretation, and there is no uniform applicable standard in practice.As a result, the application of this clause in practice is very controversial, and the punishment is often different, which affects the unity of judicial application and fairness and justice.At the same time, the crime of affray itself also has complex characteristics, many participants, different identity of the perpetrators, different effects on the result of harm, and if the large number of people will cause chaos in the scene,Therefore, in the process of identifying the crime of affray, there are often some problems, such as the difficulty to determine the scope of the subject of the transformed crime, the unclear scope of the target of the crime of the transformed crime, and the inconsistency of the standard of the crime determined after the transformation. These problems need to be solved urgently.The article is divided into four parts, and the above problems are discussed in detail.The first part discusses the prerequisite for the transformation of the crime of affray. The author supports the objective condition that the basic behavior of the perpetrator constitutes the crime of affray, the perpetrator causes serious injury, and the result of death occurs in the process of affray.And the criminal intent of the perpetrator does not necessarily change.The second part discusses the main scope of the crime of affray.The author thinks that there should be two kinds of cases, one is to be able to find out the situation of the direct injurious person, and to convict the direct injurious person and the ringleader, but the ringleader clearly expresses in advance the rejection of serious injury, except for the result of death.Second, it is impossible to find out the situation of direct injurious person, and can find out the co-injurious person, the co-injurious person and the chief molecule transformation, if there is no co-injurious person, only the chief molecule transformation.The third part discusses the object of crime of affray.The author believes that when the perpetrator caused serious injury to the outsider of the innocent case based on the mistake of attacking and the wrong understanding of the object, the outsider of the innocent case belongs to the object of the crime of affray transformed into the crime of infringing.If the perpetrator caused serious injury to the innocent outsider in the affray, the outsider did not belong to the object of the crime of affray.When the perpetrator caused death or injury to his own member, the member was the target of the crime of affray.The fourth part discusses the crime of affray after the transformation of the crime of crime.The author believes that in general, the principle of "turning from result to result, from subjective to auxiliary" should be followed.Under the condition of concurrence, according to the theory of imaginative concurrence, we should deal with it from a single point of view, and the punishment of the ringleader in this case should be discussed separately.When the result of injury and injury is caused by the same victimizer, according to the principle of imaginative concurrence, the felony is dealt with; when the result of casualty is caused by different actors, the result should be transformed into conviction with heavier result, that is, the crime of intentional homicide is constituted.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D924.3

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