模糊罪过说之提倡——以污染环境罪为切入点

发布时间：2018-04-23 11:43

本文选题：污染环境罪 + 罪过形式　；参考：《法律科学(西北政法大学学报)》2017年06期

【摘要】：重大环境污染事故罪与污染环境罪的罪过形式均存在过失说、故意说以及双重罪过说之争。故意说着眼于排污行为,过失说着力于严重污染环境的结果。为严密刑事法网,提高追诉效率,应认为无论故意排污还是过失泄漏,不管对结果持故意还是过失态度,均成立污染环境罪,即污染环境罪的罪过形式为一种模糊罪过,类似于结果加重犯中的至少过失。法定犯的故意与过失之间的伦理谴责性差异不大,故严格区分故意与过失的传统观点已经不能适应法定犯时代的要求。法定犯中"造成严重后果"、"造成重大损失"之类的规定,是我国"立法定性又定量"的立法模式以及刑罚与行政处罚二元处罚模式的特殊体现,旨在限制刑罚处罚范围。如果无需处罚过失违规的情形,可以认为罪过形式属于结果型模糊罪过,如丢失枪支不报罪、违法发放贷款罪;如果出于重大公共利益的考虑,值得规制过失违规的情形,罪过形式则为行为与结果型模糊罪过,如污染环境罪、滥用职权罪。
[Abstract]:The crime of serious environmental pollution accident and the crime of pollution of the environment both have the theory of fault, the theory of intention and the argument of double guilt. The theory of negligence focuses on the result of serious pollution of the environment. In order to strengthen the criminal law network and improve the prosecution efficiency, it should be considered that the crime of polluting the environment, that is, the guilty form of the crime of polluting the environment is a kind of vague crime, no matter whether the intentional discharge or the negligent leakage, whether the result is intentional or negligent, is regarded as the crime of pollution of the environment. Similar to at least a fault in a consequential aggravated offence. There is not much difference in ethical condemnation between intentional and negligent statutory offense, so the traditional view of strictly distinguishing intent from negligence can no longer meet the requirements of the era of statutory offense. The provisions of "causing serious consequences" and "causing heavy losses" in statutory offences are the special embodiment of the legislative mode of "legislation qualitative and quantitative" and the dual punishment mode of punishment and administrative punishment, aiming at limiting the scope of punishment. If there is no need to punish the case of negligent violation, the form of the offence may be regarded as a result type of vague crime, such as the crime of not reporting the loss of a gun, and the crime of illegally issuing loans; if the case is worth regulating for reasons of great public interest, the case of negligent violation may be regulated. The form of crime is behavior and result of vague crime, such as pollution of the environment, abuse of power crime.
【作者单位】：东南大学法学院;
【基金】：中国法学会2016年度部级法学研究课题(CLS(2016)D52)“污染环境罪适用研究”
【分类号】：D924.3

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