论环境犯罪的立法不足及完善对策

发布时间：2018-04-27 02:03

本文选题：环境犯罪 + 环境刑法　；参考：《大连海事大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：保护环境资源是人类可持续发展的根本要求,近年来,我国刑事法律法规在维护自然资源方面的规定比较全面,不过细节上并没有发达国家详细具体。中国针对环境维护的相关法律规定与我国经济、社会生活密切相连的民事、行政方面取得了很大的进步,在刑事领域的相关法律仍然有所欠缺,操作起来也不方便。建设系统详细的环境刑事法律法规,把破坏和污染环境的行为归列为犯罪,不仅符合社会经济的进步,也是人类与自然界和谐相处的必要选择。1997年《中华人民共和国刑法》把环境犯罪独立为一节,2011年《刑法修正案(八)》修改了环境犯罪的罪名与构成条件,促进了中国环境刑法的进步。不过中国环境犯罪在刑事方面的相关规定有所欠缺,主要包括：环境刑事立法思想建立的问题、环境犯罪刑事法律涉及的范围问题、环境犯罪界定判别的问题等,这一系列不足之处阻碍了环境犯罪的惩治效果。因此,建立健全环境犯罪刑事法律法规是必须的。环境犯罪的处罚对人们来说是对大自然保护的最后一个办法,在未来会给人们的生活环境建立最后的屏障。文章一开始针对环境犯罪的概念进行了定义,然后综合分析了我国环境犯罪的法律与立法现有的情况,阐述了大陆法系与英美法系典型国家的环境刑事法律的方式,以此来分析环境刑事法律方面的成功经验,从我国具体国情与实际现状出发,找出目前国内针对环境犯罪刑事相关法律规定的缺陷,从而为中国建立健全环境犯罪刑事法律法规给予一定的意见。也就是说需要增强环境犯罪的可操作性、提高法定刑；改进我国环境犯罪刑事立法的理念,扩大环境刑事法律保护的范围,完善环境犯罪的构成要件,完善我国环境犯罪中的刑罚配置。
[Abstract]:The protection of environmental resources is the fundamental requirement of human sustainable development. In recent years, China's criminal laws and regulations in the protection of natural resources are relatively comprehensive, but the details are not developed countries in detail. China has made great progress in civil affairs and administration which are closely related to the economic and social life of our country. The relevant laws in the criminal field are still lacking and inconvenient to operate. The construction of systematic and detailed environmental criminal laws and regulations that criminalize acts of damaging and polluting the environment is not only in line with social and economic progress, It is also a necessary choice for human beings to live in harmony with nature. In 1997, the Criminal Law of the people's Republic of China took environmental crime as an independent section. In 2011, the Criminal Law Amendment (VIII) revised the charges and constitution conditions of environmental crimes. It has promoted the progress of China's environmental criminal law. However, there are some deficiencies in the criminal provisions of environmental crime in China, including: the establishment of the idea of environmental criminal legislation, the scope of criminal law of environmental crime, the definition and discrimination of environmental crime, etc. This series of inadequacies hinder the punishment effect of environmental crime. Therefore, it is necessary to establish and perfect the criminal laws and regulations of environmental crime. The punishment of environmental crime is the last way for people to protect nature, and it will set up the last barrier to people's living environment in the future. The article firstly defines the concept of environmental crime, then comprehensively analyzes the existing situation of the law and legislation of environmental crime in our country, and expounds the ways of environmental criminal law in the typical countries of civil law system and common law system. Based on the analysis of the successful experience in environmental criminal law, and proceeding from the specific national conditions and actual situation of our country, we can find out the defects of the relevant laws and regulations on criminal matters related to environmental crimes in our country at present. In order to establish and improve China's environmental crime criminal laws and regulations to give some advice. That is to say, it is necessary to enhance the operability of environmental crime, to improve the legal penalty, to improve the concept of criminal legislation on environmental crime, to expand the scope of environmental criminal law protection, and to perfect the constitutive elements of environmental crime. Improve the allocation of penalties in environmental crimes in China.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924.3

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