论罪刑法定原则在我国司法中的实现

发布时间：2018-04-29 02:24

本文选题：罪刑法定 + 刑法理念　；参考：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：罪刑法定原则是刑法中最重要的原则,是法治社会刑法区别于人治社会刑法的重要标志。现代刑法学者将罪刑法定原则经典表述为“法无明文规定不为罪,法无明文规定不处罚”。1997年《刑法》第3条的规定使罪刑法定原则在我国得到确认,实现了罪刑法定主义的立法化。然而,相较于立法化,实现罪刑法定主义的司法化更为重要,因为如果罪刑法定主义不能在司法实践中加以贯彻,罪刑法定主义的规定只不过是一句空话而已。因此,本文讨论的正是实现罪刑法定原则在司法实践中的贯彻执行的问题,即罪刑法定司法化问题。本文将着重以刑事审判实践为切入点,结合罪刑法定原则在当前司法实践运用中所面临的问题,分析其原因所在,并提出解决这些问题的建设性对策。全文除引言外共三部分：第一部分主要是对罪刑法定原则的概述。从罪刑法定原则的理论入手,对罪刑法定原则的涵义和内容要求,以及罪刑法定原则在我国刑法中的具体体现进行了阐述。随着刑事司法理论的不断发展,相对罪刑法定主义(实质侧面)逐渐取代绝对罪刑法定主义(形式侧面)成为各国刑法改革的主流。我国1997年《刑法》第3条的规定,标志着在我国实现了罪刑法定原则的法典化。第二部分对我国当前司法实践的现状进行考察,指出司法判决违背罪刑法定原则,存在同案不同判、同案不同罚的现象。提出违背罪刑法定原则的原因,认为主要原因在于立法缺陷、司法解释不当、司法制度不完善、社会舆论左右司法判决、法官素质不高等方面。第三部分对罪刑法定原则的践行提出基本思路。认为,首先要转变司法观念,树立现代刑事司法法治理念,当不使用刑罚,而用其他手段也能达到实现保护社会和个人法益的目的时,应当放弃使用刑罚的手段。其次要在罪刑法定原则指导下完善立法机制,提高立法技术,规范刑事司法解释,提高立法和司法解释的质与量。最后要改善司法运行环境,推动省级以下司法机关人财物的统一领导,积极探索与行政划区适当分离的司法管辖制度,实现司法独立；提高刑事司法工作人员的素质,营造和谐的媒体监督环境。
[Abstract]:The principle of legality is the most important principle in criminal law, and it is an important symbol of the difference between criminal law of rule of law and that of society ruled by man. Modern criminal jurists express the principle of legality as "the law does not explicitly stipulate that it is not a crime, and the law does not explicitly stipulate that it does not penalize." Article 3 of the 1997 Criminal Law confirms the principle of legally prescribed punishment in China. The legalization of legality is realized. However, it is more important to realize the judicalization of legality than legislation, because if the doctrine of legality can not be carried out in judicial practice, the stipulation of legality is just empty talk. Therefore, this paper discusses the implementation of the principle of legality in judicial practice, that is, the judicial issue of legality. This article will focus on the criminal trial practice as a starting point, combined with the principle of legality in the application of the current judicial practice faced problems, analysis of its causes, and put forward constructive solutions to these problems. There are three parts in this paper: the first part is an overview of the principle of legality. Starting with the theory of the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime, this paper expounds the meaning and content of the principle of legality of a crime, and the concrete embodiment of the principle of legality of a crime in the criminal law of our country. With the development of criminal justice theory, relative legality doctrine (substantive side) has gradually replaced absolute legality doctrine (formal side) into the mainstream of criminal law reform in various countries. The provisions of Article 3 of the 1997 Criminal Law symbolize the codification of the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime in China. The second part investigates the current situation of judicial practice in our country, and points out that judicial judgment violates the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime, and there are different judgments in the same case and different punishment in the same case. The author points out that the main reasons for violating the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime lie in the defects of legislation, improper judicial interpretation, imperfect judicial system, the influence of public opinion on judicial decisions, and the poor quality of judges. The third part puts forward the basic idea to practice the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime. It is believed that the first step is to change the concept of judicature and establish the concept of modern criminal judicature rule of law. When penalty is not used and other means can achieve the purpose of protecting social and individual legal interests, the means of using punishment should be abandoned. Secondly, we should perfect the legislative mechanism, improve the legislative technology, standardize the criminal judicial interpretation, and improve the quality and quantity of the legislative and judicial interpretation under the guidance of the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime. Finally, it is necessary to improve the judicial operating environment, promote the unified leadership of the people and property of the judicial organs below the provincial level, actively explore the judicial jurisdiction system that is properly separated from the administrative district, realize the judicial independence, improve the quality of the criminal judicial personnel, Create a harmonious media supervision environment.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.1

【参考文献】