遗弃罪的保护法益研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 19:02

本文选题：遗弃罪 + 保护法益　；参考：《兰州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：法益,这一概念一般是指法所保护的利益。如何界定犯罪的法益,直接影响对一个行为的定罪量刑。就遗弃罪的保护法益而言,刑法理论界以及司法实践一直争议不断。特别是自1997年刑法将遗弃罪所属章节变动以来,我国关于遗弃罪的保护法益问题的争议就更为激烈了。另外,随着社会的不断发展,处于社会转型时期的社会问题层出不穷,对遗弃罪的保护法益问题又提出了新的挑战。例如如何处理司法实践中频发的遗弃非家庭成员之间的行为就是急需解决的问题。基于此,本文将围绕遗弃罪的保护法益问题展开论述,在结合社会现状以及域外相关理论学说的基础上将我国遗弃罪的保护法益界定为受扶养人的生命健康权,以期望能够妥善处理司法实践中的相关问题。第一部分介绍遗弃罪保护法益问题上的学说争议。首先,介绍目前我国刑法理论界关于遗弃罪保护法益的三种理论争议,即家庭成员的受扶养权说、受扶养人的生命健康权说以及一般扶养权说之争;其次,介绍大陆法系国家以及英美法系国家关于遗弃罪的规定,以说明域外在遗弃罪保护法益问题上的观点。最后,通过系统的比较分析,指出对我国遗弃罪保护法益进行重构的必要性。第二部分论述我国遗弃罪保护法益变更的必要性。在此部分,本文将主要从三个方面展开论述:首先,刑法体系与价值即法律体系的一致性、刑法的正义价值及法益保护机能均对遗弃罪的法益提出了严峻的挑战;其次,通过穷尽法律解释的立法修订说明遗弃罪法益变更的必要性;最后,主要从社会转型中的养老模式、留守儿童教育、家庭事务、同居方式及旅游方式五个方面的变化来说明遗弃罪保护法益变化的必要性。第三部分主要论述遗弃罪保护法益的变更对其他犯罪构成要件所产生的影响。具体来说,将从对遗弃罪的行为主体、客观方面(主要是对象和行为、特别是对行为人的义务来源)及主观方面三方面来论述遗弃罪的保护法益变更所带来的影响。第四部分基于遗弃罪保护法益变更对其他犯罪构成要件的影响及适应社会发展的需要,对遗弃罪的立法重构提出建议,以期更好的保护受扶养人的生命健康权。
[Abstract]:Legal interests, this concept is generally referred to the interests protected by the law. How to define the legal benefits of a crime directly affects the conviction and sentencing of an act. As far as the interests of the protection of abandonment crime are concerned, the criminal law theory and judicial practice have always been controversial. Especially since the criminal law of 1997 changed the section of the crime of abandonment, the dispute on the protection of the crime of abandonment has become more and more fierce in our country. In addition, with the continuous development of society, the social problems in the period of social transformation emerge one after another. For example, how to deal with the frequent abandonment of non-family members in judicial practice is an urgent problem. Based on this, this paper discusses the protection benefits of the abandonment crime, and defines the protection benefits of the abandonment crime as the right to life and health of the dependents on the basis of the current social situation and the relevant theories and theories outside the country. In order to expect to be able to properly handle the relevant issues in judicial practice. The first part introduces the theoretical controversy on the protection of the crime of abandonment. First of all, it introduces three kinds of theoretical disputes about the interests of the protection of the crime of abandonment in the theoretical circle of criminal law of our country at present, that is, the theory of family members' right to dependency, the theory of dependant's right to life and health, and the argument of general right of maintenance; secondly, This paper introduces the provisions on the crime of abandonment in the countries of civil law system and common law system in order to explain the views on the interests of the protection law of the crime of abandonment outside the country. Finally, through systematic comparative analysis, the author points out the necessity of reconstructing the legal benefits of abandonment crime in China. The second part discusses the necessity of the change of the law of abandonment in our country. In this part, this article will mainly discuss from three aspects: first, the consistency between the criminal law system and the legal system, the justice value of the criminal law and the function of legal interest protection all put forward the stern challenge to the legal interest of the crime of abandonment; secondly, Through the legislative revision of exhaustive legal interpretation, it explains the necessity of the legal interest change of the crime of abandonment. Finally, it mainly focuses on the old-age model, education of left-behind children, and family affairs in the process of social transformation. The change of cohabitation and tourism means to explain the necessity of the change of legal benefits of abandonment crime. The third part mainly discusses the influence of the change of the law of abandonment on other elements of crime. Specifically, this paper discusses the influence of the change of the law benefit of the crime of abandonment from three aspects: the subject of the crime of abandonment, the objective aspect (mainly the object and the behavior, especially the source of the obligation to the perpetrator) and the subjective aspect. In the fourth part, based on the influence of the change of interest on other crimes and the need of social development, the fourth part puts forward some suggestions on the legislative reconstruction of the crime of abandonment, in order to better protect the right to life and health of dependents.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

【参考文献】