醉驾型危险驾驶罪的缺陷与完善

发布时间：2018-04-30 01:28

本文选题：醉酒驾驶 + 缺陷　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是一个酒文化比较发达的国家,随着机动车在国民生活中的日益普及,酒后驾车的现象也日益普遍,一些醉驾者酿造了许多悲惨的交通事故。2011年5月1日实施的《刑法修正案(八)》将醉驾入刑,是根据血液中酒精含量作为唯一的依据定罪量刑：酒精含量达到80mg以上,属于醉酒驾车。但是从生物学角度来讲,由于生物的多样性和驾驶人的个体差异,每个人对于酒精的抵抗能力不同：有的人生来滴酒不沾,喝一小口就面红耳赤、语无伦次、头昏眼花,手脚无力,形成了生物学上的酒醉,但他的100ml血液中酒精含量位达到80mg以上,不构成法律规定上的醉驾；而有的人抗酒精能力强,喝酒很多,100ml血液中酒精含量达到80mg以上,在生物学角度上来讲并未醉,却达到了法律规定上的醉驾。笔者认为我们需要在争议与质疑之中完善醉驾型危险驾驶罪,既保护公共安全,又公平公正地保护喝酒驾车者的合法权益,同时也可传承我国历史悠久的酒文化。在本文中,笔者首先以湖南省永州市零陵区为调查地分发200份调查问卷,了解永州零陵区各个年龄阶层、有驾照者与无驾照者及饮酒者与非饮酒者对醉酒驾驶的看法,通过调取醉驾入刑后2011年5月1日至2014年6月10日湖南省永州市零陵区人民法院审理醉驾型危险驾驶案件(已决)情况,通过分析醉驾型危险驾驶行为的趋势。之后认为：我国的醉驾型危险驾驶醉驾罪设置存在标准科学性不强、交通工具规定太单一、法定刑配置不完备和现行规定实际可操作性不强等诸多缺陷,并通过对法律建制比较完善的美国、俄罗斯、日本等国家的立法考察,发现美国心理感化和执法过程、俄罗斯区别对待规定、美国和俄罗斯规定资格刑的设立都值得我们借鉴,并提出设置酒驾行政许可证构想、制定可执行和更公平的方案及出台科学的醉驾标准、扩大驾驶交通工具的范围、完善法定刑配置等完善危险驾驶罪刑事立法的建议,在结合我国国情和文化传统的同时吸收国外一些法律制度中的精髓,从根本上完善我国醉驾型危险驾驶罪规制。
[Abstract]:China is a relatively developed country with wine culture. With the increasing popularity of motor vehicles in national life, the phenomenon of drunk driving is becoming more and more common. Some drunken drivers have brewed many tragic traffic accidents. The Amendment (VIII) to the Criminal Code, introduced on May 1, 2011, penalizes drunk driving on the basis of the alcohol content in the blood as the only basis for sentencing: alcohol levels above 80mg. Belong to drunken driving. But from a biological point of view, because of biological diversity and individual differences in drivers, everyone has a different ability to resist alcohol: some people are born without alcohol, with a small mouthful of blushing, incoherent, dizzy, His hands and feet were weak, and he became biologically drunk, but his blood alcohol level of 100ml was above 80mg, which did not constitute a drunken driving prescribed by law; and some people had a strong anti-alcoholism, and many drank more than 100ml of alcohol in their blood to the level of 80mg. From a biological point of view, not drunk, but reached the legal requirements of drunk driving. The author thinks that we need to perfect the crime of drunk driving in the dispute and doubt, not only to protect the public safety, but also to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the drinkers fairly and fairly, and at the same time, we can inherit the wine culture of our country with a long history. In this paper, the author first distributes 200 questionnaires on the basis of investigation in the Lingling District of Yongzhou City, Hunan Province, to understand the views of drunken driving among all age groups, drivers and unlicensed drivers, and drinkers and non-drinkers. From May 1, 2011 to June 10, 2014, the people's Court of the Lingling District of Yongzhou City, Hunan Province, tried the case of dangerous driving of drunk driving (determined), and analyzed the trend of dangerous driving behavior of drunk driving. After that, the author thinks that the establishment of the crime of drunk driving in our country is not scientific enough, the regulation of vehicle is too single, the disposition of legal punishment is not complete, and the actual operation of the current regulation is not strong enough, and so on. And through the legislative investigation of the United States, Russia, Japan and other countries whose legal system is relatively perfect, it is found that the process of psychological influence and law enforcement in the United States, the provisions of different treatment in Russia, and the establishment of the qualification penalty in the United States and Russia are worthy of our reference. It also puts forward some suggestions such as setting up an administrative license for drunk driving, formulating an executable and fairer scheme, introducing scientific drunk driving standards, expanding the range of driving vehicles, perfecting the legal punishment arrangement, and so on, to perfect the criminal legislation of dangerous driving crime. In combination with China's national conditions and cultural traditions, at the same time absorb the essence of some foreign legal systems, fundamentally improve the crime of drunk driving dangerous driving regulation.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

【参考文献】