我国减刑制度的缺陷及完善

发布时间：2018-05-04 21:29

本文选题：减刑 + 假释　；参考：《辽宁大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：减刑制度作为我国刑罚执行制度中的重要内容,在教育改造罪犯的司法实践中发挥了重要的作用,也是我国在改造罪犯过程中的一项独特的行刑制度。但是,不可否认的是,我国的减刑制度在立法设计上存在一些缺陷,在司法适用中也暴露出各种问题。这些缺陷和问题严重阻碍了减刑制度功能的发挥和刑罚目的的实现。本文试图从立法和实践两方面考察减刑制度中存在的问题,并针对发现的问题提出完善的对策,力图使我国的减刑制度能够日趋完善合理,适应现代社会行刑的目的和要求。文章共四个部分,第一章介绍了我国减刑制度的理论现状,有学者对减刑制度的存在提出质疑,主张废除减刑制度,笔者认为减刑制度的存在和广泛适用有其合理性,扩大假释不意味着要废除减刑,现阶段我国保留减刑制度是国情需要。第二章对我国减刑制度的立法现状进行考察,指出我国减刑立法中存在着减刑条件规定不合理、适用刑罚规定不全面、减刑幅度和间隔时间设置过宽、撤销制度规定不完善、监狱徒刑方式和考核方法机械化等问题。第三章通过对辽宁省、北京市、上海市、青海省、广西省五个省份的减刑案件进行实证研究,总结出我国法院审理减刑案件的特点和规律,并根据数据分析情况指出我国减刑制度在适用中存在着审查过程偏行政化、监督程序形同虚设、缺乏对减刑幅度合理性审查、超幅度减刑情况严重等问题。第四章在前几章的基础上,结合我国国情现状,对完善减刑制度提出建议,认为在立法和制度设计上我国应建立假释为主、减刑为辅的行刑制度,可以在部分地区开展自动减刑制度试点工作,修改现有减刑条件,增加附加刑适用减刑的规定,等等,在司法上应加强监督,规范刑罚执行机关和法院的执法行为。
[Abstract]:The commutation system, as an important part of our country's penalty enforcement system, plays an important role in the judicial practice of educating and reforming criminals, and it is also a unique execution system in the process of reforming criminals. However, it is undeniable that there are some defects in the legislative design of the commutation system in our country, and various problems are exposed in the judicial application. These defects and problems seriously hinder the function of commutation system and the realization of penalty purpose. This paper attempts to investigate the problems existing in the commutation system from the aspects of legislation and practice, and puts forward some perfect countermeasures to solve the problems found, in order to make the commutation system in our country more and more perfect and reasonable, and adapt to the purpose and requirements of the execution of punishment in modern society. The first chapter introduces the current situation of the commutation system in China. Some scholars question the existence of commutation system and advocate the abolition of commutation system. The author thinks that the existence and wide application of commutation system has its rationality. Expanding parole does not mean abolishing commutation. At present, it is necessary for our country to retain commutation system. The second chapter investigates the current situation of the commutation system in our country, and points out that the provisions of commutation conditions are unreasonable, the applicable penalty provisions are not comprehensive, the range and interval of commutation are too wide, and the provisions of revocation system are not perfect. Prison imprisonment method and assessment method mechanization and so on. The third chapter through the empirical study on the commutation cases in five provinces of Liaoning, Beijing, Shanghai, Qinghai and Guangxi, summarizes the characteristics and rules of trial of commutation cases by Chinese courts. According to the analysis of data, it is pointed out that there are some problems in the application of the commutation system in our country, such as the partial administration of the examination process, the virtual supervision procedure, the lack of reasonable examination of the range of commutation, the serious situation of the reduction of the penalty beyond the margin, and so on. The fourth chapter is based on the previous chapters, combined with the current situation of our country, put forward some suggestions to improve the commutation system, think that in legislation and system design, we should establish the execution system of parole, supplemented by commutation. We can carry out the pilot work of automatic commutation system in some regions, modify the existing commutation conditions, increase the provisions of applying commutation to additional punishment, and so on. We should strengthen supervision in judicature and standardize the law enforcement actions of penalty enforcement organs and courts.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924.13

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