侵犯财产罪罚金刑的立法缺陷及其完善

发布时间：2018-05-10 16:07

本文选题：侵犯财产罪 + 罚金刑　；参考：《辽宁大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的逐步确立，人民群众物质文化生活中面对的物质诱惑越来越多，贪利性质的犯罪，尤其是侵犯财产类犯罪便不断地涌现出来，，为有效遏制这类犯罪，理论界和实务界从来没有停止过对有效的刑罚措施进行探索的脚步。罚金刑作为一种剥夺犯罪人一定数额金钱的刑罚方法，在惩治和预防侵犯财产罪这类贪利性质的犯罪方面具有其他刑罚所无法比拟的优势，能够实现“罚当其罪”的刑罚效果，也受到了世界各国的青睐，而且还顺应了刑罚轻缓化的国际趋势。因此，罚金刑的适用范围在我国1997年颁布的新刑法以及后来的几个刑法修正案中都陆续地被加以扩大，体现了对罚金刑的重视。罚金刑适用范围的扩大必然带来其适用率的提高，本应有利于实现打击和预防侵犯财产犯罪的效果，然而，司法实践中罚金刑的适用却往往阻力重重，适用时具体制度也常常捉襟见肘，致使罚金刑的刑罚目的大打折扣。这里面除了有适用过程中的具体原因外，追根溯源还是由于立法的缺陷与不足造成的，先天的不足必然会带来后天的畸形。司法实践中，罚金刑的适用呈现出来的问题不断地暴露出我国罚金刑在立法上的缺陷与不成熟。因此，为有效遏制日益高发的侵犯财产罪，充分发挥罚金刑应有的刑罚价值和刑罚目的，有必要在分析目前我国侵犯财产罪罚金刑立法现状的基础上，进一步分析罚金刑在立法上的缺陷，并在借鉴国外成熟立法经验的基础上提出完善我国罚金刑立法的具体建议。论文主要从四个部分对侵犯财产罪罚金刑的立法缺陷及其完善进行了论述：第一部分是对目前我国侵犯财产罪罚金刑立法现状的详细归纳介绍，具体包括罚金刑在侵犯财产罪中的适用范围、适用方式、数额立法、裁量原则以及执行制度，以期对我国侵犯财产罪罚金刑的立法现状有一个全面直观地把握。第二部分笔者通过对司法实践中侵犯财产罪罚金刑在适用中呈现出的问题的总结，深入挖掘出侵犯财产罪罚金刑在立法上的种种缺陷，具体包括：侵财犯罪中有的罪名规定了罚金刑，而有的罪名却没有规定罚金刑，这样的适用范围缺乏合理性依据；侵犯财产罪中必并罚金制的大范围规定使得罚金刑的适用方式过于僵化；无限额罚金制的规定使罚金刑的数额裁量缺乏可操作性，增加了判决的随意性；另外，罚金刑的裁量原则也规定得过于粗疏，现实可操作性不强；现有的罚金刑执行制度不能满足执行工作的需要，在具体执行工作中难以奏效。第三部分主要是对域外成熟的罚金刑立法的介绍，以期为我国侵犯财产罪罚金刑立法制度的发展完善提供有效借鉴。第四部分笔者在借鉴第三部分相关国家成熟立法制度的基础上提出了完善我国侵犯财产罪罚金刑立法的具体构想：从整个罚金刑制度来说，提升罚金刑的刑罚地位，将其上升为主刑；在适用范围方面，有必要在侵犯财产罪的其他罪名中配置罚金刑；在适用方式方面，应当限制侵犯财产罪中必并罚金制的规定，适当扩大选科罚金与得并罚金制的规定；在数额裁量方面，提出限额罚金制、倍比罚金制以及日额罚金制的引入；在具体的执行立法方面，建议在立法中进一步明确罚金刑的执行主体、异地委托执行、罚金刑执行监督以及财产调查与财产保全的相关规定，并在立足我国国情的基础上提出罚金刑易科制度、罚金刑缓刑制度等有效的罚金刑执行保障制度的探索，以促进我国的罚金刑制度不断趋于完善，为有效遏制和预防侵犯财产罪提供保障。
[Abstract]:With the gradual establishment of the socialist market economic system in China, more and more material seduction is faced in the material and cultural life of the people. The crime of greedy property, especially the crime of property infringement, is constantly emerging. In order to effectively curb this kind of crime, the theorists and the real world have never stopped the effective penalty measures. As a penalty method to deprive the criminal of a certain amount of money, it has the advantages incomparable to other penalties in punishing and preventing the crime of invavant property, which can achieve the penalty effect of "punishment as a crime", and is also favored by all countries in the world, and also conforms to the punishment. Therefore, the scope of the application of fine penalty has been expanded in succession in the new criminal law issued in 1997 in China and in several subsequent amendments to the criminal law, which embodies the importance of the penalty. The expansion of the scope of the penalty application will inevitably bring the higher application rate, which should be beneficial to the realization of the attack and the prevention of infringement. The effect of property crime, however, the application of fine penalty in judicial practice is often resisted, and the specific system is often overstretched when the application is applied, which causes the penalty to be discounted. In addition to the specific reasons in the application process, it is caused by the defects and deficiencies of the legislation. In judicial practice, the problem of the application of fine penalty in judicial practice constantly exposes the defects and immaturity of China's fine penalty in legislation. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the current violation of the penalty value and the purpose of punishment in order to effectively contain the increasing crime of property infringement and to give full play to the penalty value and the purpose of the penalty. On the basis of the present situation of the legislation of the fine penalty of property crime, this paper further analyzes the defects of the fine penalty in legislation, and puts forward some specific suggestions on perfecting the legislation of fine penalty in China on the basis of foreign mature legislative experience. The thesis mainly discusses the legislative defects and perfection of the fine punishment of the crime of property infringement in four parts.
The first part is a detailed introduction to the present situation of the legislation on the fine punishment of the crime of property infringement in China, including the scope of the application of the penalty in the crime of property infringement, the way of application, the amount of legislation, the principle of discretion and the implementation system, in order to have a comprehensive and intuitive grasp of the legislative status of the fine penalty for the crime of property infringement in our country.
In the second part, through the summary of the problems presented in the application of the fine punishment of the crime of property infringement in the judicial practice, the author deeply excavates all kinds of defects in the legislation of the fine penalty of the crime of property infringement, including: some of the offences in the crime of invading money have stipulated the fine penalty, while some crimes have not stipulated the fine penalty, so the scope of application is short. There is a lack of reasonableness basis; the large scope of the compulsory penalty system in the crime of property infringement makes the applicable way of fine penalty too rigid; the provisions of unlimited fine system make the amount of the penalty amount lack operability and increase the arbitrariness of the judgment; in addition, the principle of penalty discretion is too rough and practical, and the practical operability is not good. Strong; the existing fine punishment execution system can not meet the needs of implementation, and is difficult to achieve in specific implementation.
The third part is mainly about the introduction of the fine penalty legislation abroad, in order to provide an effective reference for the development and improvement of the system of fine penalty in China.
In the fourth part, on the basis of the third parts of the relevant country's mature legislation system, the author puts forward the concrete conception of perfecting the legislation of the fine punishment of the crime of property infringement in our country: to improve the penalty status of the fine penalty from the whole fine penalty system and raise it to the main punishment; in the scope of application, it is necessary to violate the other crimes of the property crime. In the way of application, in the way of application, we should limit the stipulation of the compulsory and fine system in the crime of property infringement, and appropriately expand the provisions of the fine and the penal system, and put forward the quota and penalty system, the system of more than the fine and the system of the daily penalty in the amount of discretion; in the specific enforcement legislation, it is suggested that the legislation should be entered into the legislation. One step is to clarify the subject of the execution of the penalty, the execution of the special commission, the execution of the fine penalty and the relevant provisions of the property investigation and property preservation, and on the basis of the national conditions of our country, we put forward the exploration of the effective penalty system, such as the fine penalty system, the penalty probation system and so on, in order to promote the continuous fine penalty system in our country. It tends to be perfect, so as to provide guarantee for effectively preventing and preventing crimes of infringing property.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.35

【参考文献】