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论美国矫治刑罚目的观复兴的四重面向

发布时间:2018-05-12 03:14

  本文选题:矫治 + 威慑 ; 参考:《山东社会科学》2017年11期


【摘要】:美国矫治刑罚目的观在沉寂多年之后近些年来渐现复兴之势,表现为重新重视理论、立法嵌入、司法接受与典型制度四重面向。法学文献中矫治刑罚目的观研究热度整体增高,越来越多的刑法学者在理论上支持矫治刑罚目的。各州立法开始重视矫治刑罚目的重新嵌入,联邦立法也显示出重新重视矫治刑罚目的观的取向。美国联邦最高法院典型判例中也可以看到刑罚矫治目的的地位逐渐升高。至于具体制度实践面向,则有逐渐被广泛采纳的问题解决型法庭、提前释放制度、犯罪记录消除制度四种典型表现。但在系统认知美国矫治刑罚目的观复兴的同时,还应当明晰其发展趋势、深层动因及实际影响,才能对其作出客观评价。
[Abstract]:After many years of silence, the American view of the purpose of correctional punishment has gradually shown a revival trend in recent years, which is manifested in the four aspects of repaying attention to theory, legislative embedding, judicial acceptance and typical system. In the literature of law, the research on the aim of correctional punishment has been increased, and more criminal scholars support the purpose of correctional punishment in theory. The state legislation began to attach importance to the re-embedding of the purpose of correctional punishment, and the federal legislation also showed the orientation of repaying attention to the view of the purpose of correctional punishment. It can also be seen in the typical jurisprudence of the United States Supreme Court that the status of the purpose of penalty correction is gradually rising. As for the practice of specific system, there are four typical manifestations: the problem solving court, the early release system and the criminal record elimination system, which have been widely adopted. However, while systematically recognizing the revival of the view of the purpose of correctional punishment in the United States, we should also make clear its development trend, deep motivation and actual influence in order to make an objective evaluation of it.
【作者单位】: 西南财经大学法学院;
【基金】:国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国特色社区矫正制度研究”(项目编号:13AFX007)基础性理论成果之一
【分类号】:D971.2;DD914

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