虚假诉讼罪基本问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 15:23

本文选题：虚假诉讼 + 民事诉讼　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：虚假诉讼行为在当今社会中层出不穷,归根到底在于虚假诉讼行为的犯罪成本低,犯罪手段多样化,隐蔽性极强。一些犯罪的发生往往是在利益的驱使下,进而铤而走险,不惜通过不法途径规避法律风险,谋取非法利益,他人的合法权益进而受到侵害。我国之前的《刑法》对虚假诉讼行为的处理模式是比照妨害司法罪的相关规定进行处理的。法律在这方面的立法不足使得虚假诉讼行为在法律适用上没有明确的法律依据,进而在对虚假诉讼行为进行刑法规制时不能真正的做到罪责刑相适应的原则。我国《刑法修正案(九)》出台填补了这方面的空白,使得虚假诉讼行为真正做到了有法可依,对虚假诉讼行为能够做到准确的定性,进而适用符合比例的刑罚处罚。各地在司法实践中出现适用标准的不统一现象,严重阻碍了法律的具体贯彻和落实。本文以虚假诉讼行为入罪价值为切入点,通过对虚假诉讼罪的概念准确定义,到与其他相似概念的区分,对虚假诉讼的内涵与外延有一个准确的定义。对虚假诉讼罪的类型的划分主要依据三个标准:一是按犯罪对象的特点;二是按照行为手段的特点;三是,按照主观心态的特点。其次,对虚假诉讼行为的特征进行研究,从本质特征出发对虚假诉讼行为进行了比较深入的研究,对虚假诉讼行为具有的应罚性以及在司法实践中适用的标准不统一等方面对虚假诉讼行为入罪的必要性进行研究,通过进一步剖析虚假诉讼罪的构成要件明确了相关的概念,对"捏造的事实"、"提起民事诉讼"、对虚假诉讼是否包含"隐瞒真相"的相关讨论,对这些定义在司法实践有了准确的定性;对虚假诉讼罪的客体进行单一客体与复杂客体的相关讨论,通过对虚假诉讼罪"罪"与"非罪"、"此罪与彼罪"的相关讨论,使得虚假诉讼罪有了独立成罪的价值。在"罪与非罪"中,首先,区分了虚假诉讼罪与民事诉讼中一般虚假行为,两者的严重社会危险性不同,具有质的区分。其次,虚假诉讼罪应为结果犯,只有对司法秩序造成严重的破坏和对他人的合法权益造成严重的损害时,虚假诉讼罪才能成立结果犯。对虚假诉讼罪停止形态中可能出现的各种停止形态进行了比较细致的分析、对虚假诉讼行为的共犯从案件中到案件外进行了比较系统的论证、对虚假诉讼行为出现的想象竞合犯等罪数形态进行了相关讨论,进而论证了虚假诉讼行为入罪价值的合理性。从而对虚假诉讼罪有一个明晰的界定,也能够为研究虚假诉讼罪提供一个新的视角。
[Abstract]:In the present society, the false litigation behavior emerges in endlessly, in the final analysis, the crime cost is low, the crime means is diversified, the concealment is extremely strong. Some crimes are often driven by interests, and then take the risk, even through illegal ways to avoid legal risks, seek illegal interests, and then the legitimate rights and interests of others have been infringed. The former Criminal Law of our country dealt with the mode of dealing with the false litigation act in accordance with the relevant provisions of the crime of obstruction of justice. The lack of legislation in this respect makes the false litigation act in the application of the law has no clear legal basis, and then in the criminal law regulation of false litigation acts can not really achieve the principle of crime and punishment adapt to the principle. The introduction of the Criminal Law Amendment (9) fills up the blank in this respect, which makes the false litigation act have the legal basis, and the false litigation act can be qualified accurately, and then the corresponding punishment can be applied. The disunity of applicable standards in judicial practice has seriously hindered the implementation of the law. In this paper, through the accurate definition of the concept of the crime of false litigation and the distinction from other similar concepts, there is an accurate definition of the connotation and extension of the false litigation. The classification of the crime of false litigation is mainly based on three criteria: first, according to the characteristics of the object of crime; second, according to the characteristics of the means of conduct; third, according to the characteristics of subjective mentality. Secondly, the characteristics of the false litigation act are studied, and the nature of the false litigation act is studied deeply. This paper makes a study on the necessity of criminalizing false litigation from the aspects of the punishment of false litigation and the disunity of standards applied in judicial practice, and clarifies the relevant concepts by further analyzing the constitutive elements of the crime of false litigation. For "fabricated facts", "initiating civil proceedings", whether false litigation contains "concealing the truth" related discussion, these definitions in judicial practice has accurate qualitative; This paper discusses the single object and complex object of the crime of false litigation. By discussing the crime of false litigation "and" non-crime "and" this crime and that crime ", the crime of false litigation has the value of becoming an independent crime. In "crime and non-crime", first of all, the author distinguishes the crime of false litigation from the general false act in civil action. The two have different serious social danger and have a qualitative distinction. Secondly, the crime of false litigation should be committed as a result crime. Only if the judicial order is seriously damaged and the legitimate rights and interests of others are seriously damaged, can the crime of false litigation be established as a consequential crime. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the various forms of cessation that may occur in the form of cessation of false litigation, and demonstrates systematically the accomplices of false litigation from the case to the outside of the case. This paper discusses the number of crimes, such as imaginative concurrence crime, which appears in false litigation, and then proves the reasonableness of the incrimination value of false litigation. Thus a clear definition of the crime of false litigation can also provide a new perspective for the study of the crime of false litigation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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