敲诈勒索罪研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 14:06

本文选题：敲诈勒索 + 司法认定　；参考：《湖南大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文首先对国内外有关敲诈勒索罪的立法予以了评析,在此基础上得出结论:我国刑法规范中敲诈勒索罪的犯罪构成有其独特之处。由于犯罪方法的多样性,本罪的犯罪客体为复杂客体,而且从解释论的角度来看,本罪的犯罪对象不包括“财产性利益”。在客观方面,本罪中的威胁行为可以包括暴力行为,但是使用暴力或暴力威胁手段与占有财物的行为应当在不同时空完成,而威胁或要挟手段强度的衡量标准宜采用主观说。本罪的主观方面一般为直接故意,表现为明知以威胁或要挟的手段强索数额较大的公私财物或财产性利益的行为会引起他人丧失数额较大的财物或财产性利益及人身权利或其他权益受损的危害结果,但决意实施这一行为并希望非法占有数额较大的公私财物或非法取得财产性利益。本罪在主观方面还要求行为人具有非法占有或非法索取公私财物为目的。只有行为人使用了恐吓、威胁等手段使被害人产生恐惧,被迫交出财物,才构成本罪的既遂。是否具有非法占有的目的是区分行使权利行为与敲诈勒索行为的关键所在。敲诈勒索罪与绑架罪、抢劫罪、诈骗罪、盗窃罪以及强迫交易罪,具有一定的联系,但在侵犯客体、犯罪方法、暴力或威胁的大小程度以及紧迫程度、主观状态等方面又存在一定的差异。而从立法论的角度来看,我国应采用叙明罪状的方式对敲诈勒索罪的犯罪构成进行详细地描述,将财产性利益明确地规定为敲诈勒索罪的犯罪对象,采用“情况列举”加“兜底条款”的方式来细化关于“情节严重”的规定。而且在法定刑方面,应对本罪增设罚金刑,以增加对犯罪份子的震慑力,与国际接轨。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the domestic and foreign legislation on the crime of extortion is analyzed, and the conclusion is drawn: the constitution of the crime of extortion in the criminal law of our country has its own characteristics. Because of the diversity of crime methods, the object of crime is complex object, and from the angle of explanation, the object of crime does not include "property interest". Objectively, the threatening behavior in this crime may include violence, but the use of violence or threat of violence and possession of property should be completed in different time and space, and subjective theory should be used to measure the intensity of threat or threat. The subjective aspect of this crime is generally direct and intentional, Expressing itself in the knowledge that the act of imposing a larger amount of public or private property or property interests by means of threats or threats may result in the loss of a larger amount of property or property interests and damage to personal or other rights and interests, But it is determined to carry out this act and wants to illegally possess large amount of public and private property or illegally obtain property benefits. This crime also requires the perpetrator to have the purpose of illegally possessing or illegally soliciting public and private property. Only the perpetrator used intimidation, threats and other means to make the victim fear, forced to hand over property, constitute the completion of the crime. The purpose of illegal possession is to distinguish the exercise of rights from extortion. Extortion is related to kidnapping, robbery, fraud, theft and forced trading, but in terms of object infringement, method of crime, magnitude and urgency of violence or threat, Subjective state and other aspects of the existence of certain differences. From the point of view of legislation theory, our country should describe the crime constitution of the crime of extortion in detail, and define the property interest as the object of the crime of extortion. The use of "enumeration" plus "bottom clause" to refine the "serious circumstances" provisions. Moreover, in the aspect of legal punishment, we should increase the fine penalty to increase the deterrent power to the criminals and connect with the international standards.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D924.3

【引证文献】