故意伤害胎儿行为入罪问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 22:05

本文选题：故意伤害 + 胎儿　；参考：《贵州民族大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：胎儿作为一种特殊意义上的主体，其权益的保护越来越备受关注。故意伤害胎儿的行为是专门针对胎儿所实施的一种危害行为，但是这种危害行为却难以在当前刑法体系中得到有效遏制与处罚。本文从我国当前立法现状入手，通过运用文献研究法、案例分析法、比较分析法，概括了故意伤害胎儿行为的定义与特征，分析了当前针对故意伤害胎儿行为刑法定性的主流学说并探讨了各种学说之利弊。同时通过对故意伤害胎儿行为入罪必要性的研究，创新性地提出了将故意伤害胎儿行为的入罪建议，包括入罪后的法条表述、犯罪构成、量刑标准等相关问题，旨在使故意伤害胎儿的行为在刑法中能够得到有效规制。本文分为五部分，共计三万多字。本文第一部分主要论述了故意伤害胎儿行为之含义、特征及其表现形式。首先，分析了“胎儿”一词在不同领域所具有的不同定义，进而引出在法律领域中“胎儿”一词所应具有的含义；其次，，从广义与狭义两个角度对当前存在的故意伤害胎儿的行为进行了分类，并指出了本文所讨论的故意伤害胎儿行为的确定含义；最后，围绕故意伤害胎儿行为的确定含义，分析了其侵犯客体不确定、行为方式不确定的特征，并研究了其暴力与非暴力的表现形式，为全文论述展开奠定了理论基础。本文第二部分主要论述了当前有关故意伤害胎儿行为的定性争议及存在问题。针对故意伤害胎儿行为的定性之争，从司法实务与学术理论两个角度进行分析，研究了故意伤害胎儿不同案例中的法院判决，分析了学术界“无罪说”、“故意伤害罪说”、“增设故意伤害胎儿罪说”的学术观点。然后围绕定性之争，分别指出了“无罪说”、“故意伤害罪说”、“增设故意伤害胎儿罪说”这三种学术观点所存在的问题。本文第三部分主要论述了故意伤害胎儿行为入罪的必要性。本部分从故意伤害胎儿行为的社会危害性、刑罚可罚性、刑法规制功能三个方面论证了故意伤害胎儿行为入罪的必要性，指出只有通过将故意伤害胎儿行为入罪这种唯一途径才能实现对胎儿合法权益的有效保护。本文第四部分主要论述了故意伤害胎儿行为入罪的立法建议。分析了故意伤害胎儿罪概念及法条表述、犯罪构成要件以及刑罚配置的一般原理，在分析的基础上提出了故意伤害胎儿罪的刑罚配置方案，进一步完善故意伤害胎儿罪的相关制度。
[Abstract]:As a special subject, the protection of fetus's rights and interests has been paid more and more attention. Intentional harm to the fetus is a kind of harmful behavior which is carried out specifically for the fetus, but it is difficult to be effectively contained and punished in the current criminal law system. Starting with the current legislative situation in China, this paper summarizes the definition and characteristics of intentional injury to the fetus by using literature research, case analysis and comparative analysis. This paper analyzes the current mainstream theories on the criminal nature of intentional injury to the fetus and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various theories. At the same time, through the research on the necessity of criminalizing intentional injury to the fetus, the author creatively puts forward the suggestion of criminalizing intentional injury to the fetus, including the expression of the law after the conviction, the constitution of the crime, the standard of sentencing and so on. The purpose is to make intentional harm to the fetus in the criminal law can be effectively regulated. This article is divided into five parts, a total of more than 30,000 words. The first part of this paper mainly discusses the meaning, characteristics and forms of intentional injury to the fetus. First, it analyzes the different definitions of the term "fetus" in different fields, and then leads to the meaning of the term "fetus" in the field of law. This paper classifies the behavior of intentional injury to the fetus in broad sense and narrow sense, and points out the definite meaning of intentional harm to the fetus discussed in this paper. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the uncertainty of the object of aggression and the uncertainty of the behavior mode, and studies the manifestations of its violence and non-violence, which lays a theoretical foundation for the full discussion. The second part of this paper mainly discusses the qualitative controversy and existing problems about intentional injury to the fetus. In view of the dispute over the characterization of intentional injury to the fetus, this paper analyzes the court judgments in different cases of intentional injury of the fetus from the angles of judicial practice and academic theory, and analyzes the "innocence" and "the crime of intentional injury" in academic circles. The academic viewpoint of adding the crime of intentionally harming the fetus. Then it points out the problems in the three academic viewpoints: "innocence theory", "intentional injury crime theory" and "adding the theory of intentional injury to the fetus". The third part mainly discusses the necessity of intentional injury to the fetus. In this part, the necessity of criminalizing intentional injury of fetus is demonstrated from three aspects: the social harm of intentional injury to the fetus, the penalty of punishment and the function of criminal law regulation. It is pointed out that only by criminalizing intentional harm to the fetus can the legitimate rights and interests of the fetus be effectively protected. The fourth part of this paper mainly discusses the legislative suggestions of intentional injury to the fetus. Based on the analysis of the concept of intentional injury to the fetus and the expression of the law, the constitutive elements of the crime and the general principle of penalty allocation, this paper puts forward the criminal disposition scheme of the crime of intentional injury to the fetus. Further improve the related system of intentional injury to the fetus.
【学位授予单位】：贵州民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924

【参考文献】