诈骗罪与民事欺诈的界限

发布时间：2018-06-22 18:34

本文选题：诈骗罪 + 民事欺诈　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：“诈骗”和“欺诈”是两个含义相近的汉语用词,在大多数人的意识中,二者应是不分彼此,互为替代的。但是随着法律制度的不断细化和完善,这两个概念各自归属了截然不同的法律领域。“诈骗”一般被纳入了刑事法律的范畴,体现为诈骗罪,而“欺诈”一词则偏向于民事法律范畴,体现为民事欺诈。在具体的经济交往活动中,诈骗罪与民事欺诈都具备一定的欺骗性,均损害了市场经济公平和诚信的基本原则,客观上都使对方的财产遭受损失。二者虽然分属不同的法律领域,却因为诸多的相似之处,造成了诈骗罪与民事欺诈界限不清、容易混淆的实践现状。很多法学家和司法实务人员一直在做相关的探索和研究。该论文以理论联系实践的研究方法为主线,引入案例,按照提出问题、分析问题和解决问题的思路,主要阐述了以下几个方面的内容:第一部分,从案例分析入手,引入笔者实践中审理的两起真实的争议案例,对案例的不同观点进行分析,引出本篇论文论述的问题。从非法占有目的的认定角度,概括总结了实践中区分诈骗罪与民事欺诈的困难、问题,并剖析存在问题的原因。第二部分,对诈骗罪和民事欺诈进行概述,明晰在学理上两者的含义、区别和联系,但是,这些学理的区别仍然不足以解决实践中的问题,这使我们把解决该问题的目光聚集到非法占有的目的认定上:非法占有的目的是区分诈骗罪和民事欺诈行为的核心,是区分二者的关键界限。第三部分,主要论述了如何理解非法占有目的和该犯罪目的产生的时间问题。第四部分,阐述了以主客观一致为原则,运用推定的方法认定非法占有的目的和运用该方法的程序法规范。第五部分,对文章开篇有争议的案例,阐述作者的观点,并提出认定非法占有目的的几点建议,以期通过论文的论述对实践有所裨益。
[Abstract]:"Fraud" and "Fraud" are two Chinese words with similar meanings. In most people's consciousness, they should be equal to each other and substitute for each other. However, with the continuous refinement and perfection of the legal system, the two concepts belong to different legal fields. "Fraud" is generally included in the scope of criminal law, embodied as the crime of fraud, while the word "fraud" is inclined to the category of civil law, reflected as civil fraud. In the concrete economic intercourse, both the crime of fraud and the civil fraud are deceptive, which both damage the basic principles of market economy fairness and honesty, and objectively cause the other party's property to suffer losses. Although the two belong to different legal fields, because of many similarities, it leads to the confusion between the crime of fraud and civil fraud. Many jurists and judicial practitioners have been doing relevant exploration and research. This paper takes the research method of combining theory with practice as the main line, introduces the case, according to the idea of putting forward the question, analyzing the problem and solving the problem, mainly expounds the contents of the following aspects: the first part, starting with the case analysis, This paper introduces two real dispute cases from the author's practice, analyzes the different viewpoints of the cases, and leads to the problems discussed in this paper. From the point of view of the purpose of illegal possession, this paper summarizes the difficulties and problems in distinguishing the crime of fraud from the civil fraud in practice, and analyzes the reasons for the problems. In the second part, the author summarizes the crime of fraud and civil fraud, and clarifies the meanings, differences and connections of the two in theory. However, these differences of theory are still not enough to solve the problems in practice. This makes us focus our attention on the purpose of illegal possession: the purpose of illegal possession is to distinguish the core of fraud and civil fraud, and the key to distinguish the two. The third part mainly discusses how to understand the purpose of illegal possession and the time of the criminal purpose. In the fourth part, the author expounds the principle of subjective and objective consistency, the purpose of determining illegal possession by the method of presumption, and the procedural law norm of using this method. In the fifth part, the author expounds the author's views on the controversial cases at the beginning of the article, and puts forward some suggestions to determine the purpose of illegal possession, in order to benefit the practice through the argumentation of the paper.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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