污染环境罪犯罪既遂形态研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 02:02

本文选题：污染环境罪 + 犯罪既遂形态　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：正如日本学者原田尚彦曾说过：“环境的破坏与污染是伴随着社会的高度产业化而出现的现象。环境问题，无论资本主义国家还是社会主义国家，是世界先进国家共同的烦恼。”随着我国经济快速发展、生产力水平不断提高，我国也不得不面对这一所有先进国家都要面对的问题——环境问题。面对当下的环境污染状况，各国均制定了相应的环境刑法对环境犯罪予以严厉打击，我国也不例外。不过，相对于发达国家而言，我国的环境保护刑事立法起步较晚，相应的刑事立法还不是十分完善，如我国刑法将污染环境行为构成的犯罪的犯罪既遂形态规定为行为犯与结果犯，而未作出任何危险犯的规定。所以，本文希望通过完善我国污染环境罪的犯罪既遂形态来提高刑法在环境保护中起到的作用，并通过环境刑法对环境进行更好的保护，如通过完善污染环境罪行为犯以对实施违法环境污染行为的犯罪行为人进行惩处，通过创设污染环境罪危险犯以做到在“危险”状态出现时对环境进行保护，防患于未然，体现环境保护的基本原则——预防为主，将现有污染环境罪结果犯修改为污染环境罪结果加重犯以对具有极高危险性的实质危害后果进行最严厉的打击，以此充分发挥刑法的威慑作用。围绕污染环境罪这一罪名的犯罪既遂形态，本文将通过以下四个部分对其进行研究及论述。在第一部分，本文将对我国污染环境罪犯罪既遂形态的研究现状进行简单的概述，对犯罪既遂形态的概念，我国污染环境罪的立法沿革及我国污染环境罪的犯罪既遂形态的设立现状进行论述，并根据污染环境罪所侵犯的法益及环境污染犯罪所具有的特性提出我国污染环境罪犯罪既遂形态设定存在的缺陷。第二部分是对污染环境罪犯罪既遂形态的理论的探讨，在该部分，本文将对污染环境罪所侵犯的法益（我国刑法理论中的犯罪客体）进行论述，通过对现有污染环境罪法益理论进行分析，提出本文观点，之后根据本文认同的污染环境罪法益理论对如何完善污染环境罪的犯罪既遂形态提出建议，即提出完善现行污染环境罪行为犯的建议，提出创设污染环境罪危险犯的建议以及提出将污染环境罪结果犯修改为污染环境罪结果加重犯的建议。第三部分是对我国现行《刑法》已经确认的污染环境罪犯罪既遂形态的修改建议，即对污染环境罪行为犯和结果犯的修改建议。在这一部分，首先通过论述设立污染环境罪行为犯具有何种意义，立法者将污染环境罪设立为行为犯想要达到何种效果，然后结合国外立法经验对我国污染环境罪行为犯提出完善建议。其次，根据上文的论述本文认为无论是从污染环境罪的特性还是从法益角度考虑，，将污染环境罪的犯罪既遂形态规定为结果犯都是不适应当前环境保护需求的，所以本文在此欲通过对结果加重犯的概念及基本构成进行论述，以论证将污染环境罪犯罪行为造成的实质危害结果设为相应罪名的刑罚加重情节是可行的，即将污染环境罪的结果犯修改为结果加重犯。第四部分是对我国是否有必要以及是否能够创设新的污染环境罪犯罪既遂形态——危险犯——的论述，并提出如何设立的建议，即通过分析刑法理论界对于设立污染环境罪危险犯赞成与反对的观点，并对其做出评析，再结合本文对创设污染环境罪危险犯的必要性与可行性的论述，提出我国应当设立污染环境罪危险犯的观点，并对如何创设污染环境罪危险犯提出建议。
[Abstract]:As Harada Naohiko, a Japanese scholar, once said, "the destruction and pollution of the environment are accompanied by the high industrialization of the society. Environmental problems, whether capitalist countries or socialist countries, are the common troubles of the world's advanced countries." with the rapid development of our economy, the productivity level is constantly improving, and our country is not. In the face of current environmental pollution, all countries have formulated corresponding environmental criminal law to crack down on environmental crimes, and our country is no exception. However, relative to developed countries, China's criminal legislation on environmental protection is late and corresponding criminal law. The legislation is not perfect, for example, our country's criminal law stipulates the accomplished crime form of the crime of polluting the environment as the act offender and the result offender, but does not make any dangerous criminal offense. Therefore, this article hopes to improve the role of the criminal law in environmental protection by improving the criminal accomplished form of the crime of polluting the environment in our country. Environmental criminal law protects the environment better, for example, by perfecting the offense of the crime of polluting the environment to punish the perpetrator who carries out the illegal environmental pollution, by creating the dangerous crime of polluting the environment to protect the environment when it appears in the "dangerous" state, the basic principle of environmental protection is reflected. In order to give full play to the deterrent effect of the criminal law, the result of the crime of polluting the environment is amended as the result of the crime of polluting the environment.
In the first part, this article will give a brief overview of the research status of the accomplished crime pattern of the crime of polluting the environment in China, the concept of the accomplished crime, the legislative evolution of the crime of polluting the environment and the pollution of our country in the first part, in the first part of this article. In the second part, the second part is the theory of the theory of the form of the crime of polluting the environment crime. In this part, this article is in this part. The legal interest of the crime of polluting the environment (the object of criminal law in our criminal law) will be discussed. Through the analysis of the existing theory of the legal benefit of the crime of polluting the environment, the author puts forward the views of this article, and then puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the accomplished crime of the crime of polluting the environment according to the legal benefit theory of the crime of polluting the environment identified in this article, that is to put forward the perfection of the crime. The proposal of the current crime of the crime of polluting the environment, put forward the suggestion of creating the dangerous crime of the crime of polluting the environment, and put forward the suggestion that the result of the crime of the pollution of the environment is amended as the result of the aggravation of the crime of polluting the environment. The third part is the amendment to the existing form of the crime of the crime of polluting the environment already confirmed in China's "Criminal Law >", that is, the crime of polluting the environment. In this part, in this part, first of all, through the discussion of the significance of the crime of setting up the crime of polluting the environment, the legislator set up the crime of polluting the environment as the effect of the act offense, and then combined with the foreign legislative experience to make suggestions for the crime of polluting the environment in our country. Secondly, according to the above discussion. This article thinks that whether it is from the characteristics of the crime of polluting the environment or from the angle of legal interest, the criminal accomplished form of the crime of polluting the environment is not adapted to the needs of the current environmental protection, so this article is intended to demonstrate the crime of polluting the environment by discussing the concept and the basic constitution of the consequential offense. The fourth part is the discussion about whether it is necessary for our country and whether it can create a new form of crime of crime of the crime of polluting the environment, and puts forward how to establish it. On the basis of the analysis of the views of the theoretical circle of criminal law for the approval and opposition of the dangerous offense of the crime of polluting the environment, and the analysis of the necessity and feasibility of the creation of the dangerous offense of the crime of polluting the environment, this paper puts forward the view that China should establish the dangerous crime of the crime of polluting the environment and how to create the dangerous crime of the crime of polluting the environment. Offer a proposal.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.36

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