论金融诈骗罪中的非法占有目的及其刑事推定

发布时间：2018-07-18 08:41

【摘要】：在金融刑法理论与实务课程中，笔者聆听名师课堂授课之时，对金融刑法的非法占有目的产生浓厚的研究兴趣。众所周知，是否具备非法占有目的，是界定罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪的重要界限。同时，由于金融刑法条文的法定刑配置较重，以金融诈骗罪为例，集资诈骗罪的最高法定刑可处无期徒刑或者死刑，并处没收财产；贷款诈骗罪、票据诈骗罪、金融凭证诈骗罪、信用证诈骗罪、信用卡诈骗罪、有价证券诈骗罪的最高法定刑可处十年以上有期徒刑或者无期徒刑，并处五万元以上五十万元以下罚金或者没收财产；保险诈骗罪的最高法定刑为处十年以上有期徒刑。“人性司法，悲天悯人”，如此重刑条文轻则剥夺公民之人身自由或者没收财产，重则剥夺公民之生命，，为避免错误适用金融诈骗罪的重罪条文进而防止轻易出入人罪，研究金融诈骗罪中的非法占有目的尤其必要。论文共分为以下四章：第一章，对非法占有目的涵义进行中外对比研究并对其性质进行界定。大陆法系刑法学界对非法占有目的涵义之界定，主要存在折衷说（即排除意思+利用意思）、排除权利者的意思说、利用处分的意思说，英美法系的立法规定倾向于排除权利者意思说。而我国刑法学界关于非法占有目的含义的学说主要存在着意图占有说、折衷说（即排除意思+利用意思）、“非法占有的目的=不法所有的目的+不法占有的目的”，对比分析各家学说之优劣，本文拟采纳折衷说。其次，对于非法占有目的的性质，其结论为金融诈骗罪的非法占有目的属于超过的主观要素。第二章，主要对非法占有目的进行法理探究。主要阐述了非法占有目的之目的与客观行为之关系、非法占有目的的构成要素之认定、非法占有目的的产生时间等三大内容。第三章，在理论层面对金融诈骗罪非法占有目的的刑事推定规则进行研究。本章首先阐述了中外比较视野下的法律推定和事实推定的涵义界定问题，并对运用刑事推定规则认定金融诈骗罪非法占有目的具有合理性和可行性进行论证，最后据此提出刑事推定规则构成要素以及探究如何运用刑事推定规则认定金融诈骗罪非法占有目的推理结构图。第四章，从案例研究角度探究金融诈骗罪具体个罪非法占有目的之司法认定问题。本章结合前三章的理论内容和具体的司法经典个案郭建升贷款诈骗案，但由于篇幅所限，本文只选取贷款诈骗罪这一具体个罪进行案例研究，在此司法个案中探究如何具体运用刑事推定规则的推理结构图推导贷款诈骗罪的非法占有目的。
[Abstract]:In the course of theory and practice of financial criminal law, the author is interested in the purpose of illegal possession of financial criminal law. As we all know, whether the purpose of illegal possession is the definition of crime and non-crime, this crime and the important boundary of that crime. At the same time, as the provisions of the Financial Criminal Law are heavily allocated to the statutory penalty, taking the crime of financial fraud as an example, the maximum legal penalty for the crime of fund-raising fraud can be sentenced to life imprisonment or the death penalty, and the confiscation of property, the crime of loan fraud and the crime of fraud of bills, The maximum legal penalty for the crime of financial voucher fraud, credit card fraud and securities fraud shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment, and a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 500000 yuan or confiscation of property; The maximum legal penalty for the crime of insurance fraud shall be fixed-term imprisonment of not less than ten years. "Human nature justice, compassion for human beings," such heavy penalty provisions will deprive citizens of their personal liberty or confiscation of property, and seriously deprive citizens of their lives. In order to avoid the wrong application of the felony provisions of the crime of financial fraud and thus prevent the crime of easily getting into the people, It is particularly necessary to study the purpose of illegal possession in the crime of financial fraud. The thesis is divided into the following four chapters: the first chapter makes a comparative study of the purpose of illegal possession and defines its nature. In the definition of the purpose of illegal possession in the criminal law circle of the civil law system, there is mainly a compromise theory (that is, excluding the intention to use the will), the meaning of excluding the right person, and the meaning of using the disposition. The legislative provisions of the common law system tend to exclude the meaning of the person who has the right. However, in the theory of the purpose of illegal possession, there exists the theory of intention possession, compromise theory (i.e. excluding the use of intention), "the purpose of illegal possession = the purpose of illegal possession for all purposes". By comparing and analyzing the merits and demerits of various theories, this paper intends to adopt the compromise theory. Secondly, for the nature of the purpose of illegal possession, its conclusion is that the purpose of illegal possession of the crime of financial fraud belongs to more than subjective elements. The second chapter mainly explores the legal principle of the purpose of illegal possession. This paper mainly expounds the relationship between the purpose of illegal possession and objective behavior, the determination of the constituent elements of the purpose of illegal possession, and the time when the purpose of illegal possession comes into being. Chapter three studies the rules of criminal presumption for the purpose of illegal possession of the crime of financial fraud at the theoretical level. This chapter first expounds the definition of legal presumption and factual presumption from the perspective of comparison between China and foreign countries, and demonstrates the rationality and feasibility of using the rules of criminal presumption to determine the purpose of illegal possession of financial fraud. Finally, it puts forward the elements of the criminal presumption rules and explores how to use the criminal presumption rules to identify the inference structure chart of the purpose of illegal possession of the crime of financial fraud. Chapter four, from the angle of case study, explores the problem of judicial cognizance of the purpose of illegal possession of the specific crime of financial fraud. This chapter combines the theoretical content of the first three chapters and the specific judicial classic case Guo Jiansheng loan fraud case, but due to space constraints, this paper only selects the specific crime of loan fraud for case study. In this judicial case, the author explores how to use the inference structure diagram of the criminal presumption rules to deduce the purpose of illegal possession of the crime of loan fraud.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.33

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