非法吸收公众存款罪与集资诈骗罪区分之问——以“二元双层次”犯罪构成理论为视角
发布时间:2018-08-05 10:16
【摘要】:非法吸收公众存款罪、集资诈骗罪作为非法集资犯罪主要的两种犯罪类型,两罪的认定区分堪称刑法理论界及实务界中"难啃的酸果"。司法实践中,应按以下步骤予以认定:首先,分析客观罪行构成要件。结合"2010年解释"第1、2条之规定,审查危害行为是否属于列举的10种应以非法吸收公众存款罪定罪处罚的具体情形,如不属于,则综合审查该行为是否同时具备"非法性"、"公开性"、"利诱性"、"社会性"。其次,审查是否存在违法性阻却事由,应"将集资款主要用于生产经营活动"认定为二罪的违法性阻却事由,如查证属实,则危害行为不纳入刑法规制范畴。第三,分析主观罪责构成要件。如果被告人供认其具有非法占有的目的,则主观状态得以证明;如果被告人否认,则结合"2001年座谈会纪要"第2部分关于金融诈骗罪第1条、"2010年解释"第4条第2款(第1项除外)规定予以判断。对于确因客观原因无法查清集资款去向的,一般不认定为具有非法占有的目的。
[Abstract]:The crime of illegally absorbing deposits from the public and the crime of fraud by raising funds are the two main types of crimes of illegal fund-raising. The identification and differentiation of the two crimes can be regarded as "hard fruit" in the field of criminal law theory and practice. In judicial practice, we should confirm the following steps: first, analyze the elements of objective crimes. In connection with the provisions of article 1, paragraph 2, of the 2010 interpretation, to examine whether the conduct of harm falls within the list of 10 specific circumstances punishable by the offence of illegal public deposit taking, if not, Whether the behavior is illegal, open, inductive and social. Secondly, to examine whether there is a reason for illegal obstruction, we should "mainly use the funds raised for production and management activities" as the reason of illegal obstruction. If it is proved to be true, the harmful behavior will not be included in the scope of criminal law regulation. Third, analyze the elements of subjective guilt. If the accused confesses that he has the purpose of illegal possession, the subjective state is proved; if the accused denies that, Then combined with the "2001 Symposium minutes" part 2 on the crime of financial fraud article 1, "2010 interpretation" article 4, paragraph 2 (except item 1) provisions to judge. For those who cannot find out where the money is due to objective reasons, it is generally not regarded as having the purpose of illegal possession.
【作者单位】: 中国政法大学刑事司法学院;
【分类号】:D924.3
[Abstract]:The crime of illegally absorbing deposits from the public and the crime of fraud by raising funds are the two main types of crimes of illegal fund-raising. The identification and differentiation of the two crimes can be regarded as "hard fruit" in the field of criminal law theory and practice. In judicial practice, we should confirm the following steps: first, analyze the elements of objective crimes. In connection with the provisions of article 1, paragraph 2, of the 2010 interpretation, to examine whether the conduct of harm falls within the list of 10 specific circumstances punishable by the offence of illegal public deposit taking, if not, Whether the behavior is illegal, open, inductive and social. Secondly, to examine whether there is a reason for illegal obstruction, we should "mainly use the funds raised for production and management activities" as the reason of illegal obstruction. If it is proved to be true, the harmful behavior will not be included in the scope of criminal law regulation. Third, analyze the elements of subjective guilt. If the accused confesses that he has the purpose of illegal possession, the subjective state is proved; if the accused denies that, Then combined with the "2001 Symposium minutes" part 2 on the crime of financial fraud article 1, "2010 interpretation" article 4, paragraph 2 (except item 1) provisions to judge. For those who cannot find out where the money is due to objective reasons, it is generally not regarded as having the purpose of illegal possession.
【作者单位】: 中国政法大学刑事司法学院;
【分类号】:D924.3
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