非法集资之刑法规制研究
发布时间：2018-08-05 12:16
【摘要】：近年来，我国非法集资案件频发。由于非法集资具有涉及范围广、人数多、损失大等特点，且极易对社会造成严重的负面影响。国家对非法集资采取了严格监管的态势。目前，我国对于非法集资的规制散见于民法、行政法与刑法，其中刑法规制较多且最为严格。但是实践效果却不尽如人意。一方面集资案件依然层出不穷，且犯罪规模、数额等日渐扩大；另一方面，现行刑法的规制路径存在诸多不足，遭遇法律适用和社会效果双重困境。 本文以法律为基础，以案件为切入点，采用规范分析、比较分析、实证研究等方法，对非法集资的刑法规制展开研究，文章共分为四部分。 第一部分主要梳理了集资领域的大案要案以及相关法律法规，总结刑法规制的路径以及特点。为维护金融管理秩序，刑法采取了积极介入的态势，制裁较为严厉，而行政规制适用受限，并未能有效发挥前置性作用。 第二部分阐述了现行规制路径所带来的法律适用、社会效果困境。从法律适用上来看，非法集资与民间借贷的界限不清晰，以间接融资手段处理直接融资问题，“非法占有目的”的认定存在扩大化倾向，“定性+定量”的规定模式使得实务部门出现了“犯罪数额至上”的极端做法。从社会效果看，集资案件的遏制效果有限，且涉案资产的处置模式备受争议，引发了一定的负面效应。 第三部分主要从金融理念，民事与行政规制角度展开，，倡导建立包容、开放的金融监管制度，通过立法以及降低金融机构设立标准，为合法民间融资预留空间。同时建立统一的行政监管机制，对集资行为进行监管，另外在案件处理中还要维护投资者的利益。 第四部分主要从刑法角度，首先对集资行为的性质进行界定，再结合司法实践，对“非法占有目的”的认定进行具体分析，防止在司法实践中过度推定。最后，从刑罚轻缓化角度，倡导限制死刑的适用，结合犯罪特点建议扩大罚金刑，增加资格刑的适用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, illegal fund-raising cases occur frequently in China. Due to the characteristics of wide range, large number of people and large losses, illegal fund-raising is easy to cause serious negative impact on society. The state has adopted a situation of strict supervision over illegal fund-raising. At present, the regulation of illegal financing is scattered in civil law, administrative law and criminal law, among which criminal law is more and more strict. But the practical effect is not satisfactory. On the one hand, the cases of raising funds are still emerging in endlessly, and the scale and amount of the crime are expanding day by day. On the other hand, there are many deficiencies in the regulation path of the current criminal law, which is confronted with the double dilemma of the application of the law and the social effect. This article is based on the law, taking the case as the breakthrough point, adopts the normative analysis, the comparative analysis, the demonstration research and so on, carries on the research to the criminal law regulation of the illegal fund-raising, the article is divided into four parts altogether. The first part mainly combs the major cases and related laws and regulations in the field of fund-raising, summarizes the path and characteristics of criminal law regulation. In order to maintain the financial management order, the criminal law has taken the active intervention situation, the sanction is more severe, but the administrative regulation is limited, and can not play the leading role effectively. The second part expounds the legal application and social effect dilemma brought by the current regulation path. As far as the law is concerned, the boundary between illegal financing and private borrowing is not clear, and indirect financing means are used to deal with the direct financing problem. The determination of "illegal possession purpose" has a tendency to expand. The prescriptive mode of "qualitative and quantitative" makes the extreme practice of "crime is supreme" in practical departments. From the point of view of social effect, the containment effect of fund-raising cases is limited, and the disposal mode of assets involved is controversial, which leads to certain negative effects. The third part is mainly from the perspective of financial concept, civil and administrative regulation, advocating the establishment of inclusive, open financial regulatory system, through legislation and lowering the financial institutions set standards, reserved space for legal private financing. At the same time, we should establish a unified administrative supervision mechanism, supervise the raising of funds, and safeguard the interests of investors in the handling of cases. The fourth part mainly from the criminal law angle, first carries on the definition to the fund raising behavior nature, then unifies the judicial practice, carries on the concrete analysis to the "illegal possession purpose" the confirmation, prevents in the judicial practice excessive presumption. Finally, from the point of view of penalty mitigation, the author advocates restricting the application of the death penalty, and proposes to expand the fine penalty and increase the application of the qualification penalty according to the characteristics of the crime.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3
本文编号：2165771
[Abstract]:In recent years, illegal fund-raising cases occur frequently in China. Due to the characteristics of wide range, large number of people and large losses, illegal fund-raising is easy to cause serious negative impact on society. The state has adopted a situation of strict supervision over illegal fund-raising. At present, the regulation of illegal financing is scattered in civil law, administrative law and criminal law, among which criminal law is more and more strict. But the practical effect is not satisfactory. On the one hand, the cases of raising funds are still emerging in endlessly, and the scale and amount of the crime are expanding day by day. On the other hand, there are many deficiencies in the regulation path of the current criminal law, which is confronted with the double dilemma of the application of the law and the social effect. This article is based on the law, taking the case as the breakthrough point, adopts the normative analysis, the comparative analysis, the demonstration research and so on, carries on the research to the criminal law regulation of the illegal fund-raising, the article is divided into four parts altogether. The first part mainly combs the major cases and related laws and regulations in the field of fund-raising, summarizes the path and characteristics of criminal law regulation. In order to maintain the financial management order, the criminal law has taken the active intervention situation, the sanction is more severe, but the administrative regulation is limited, and can not play the leading role effectively. The second part expounds the legal application and social effect dilemma brought by the current regulation path. As far as the law is concerned, the boundary between illegal financing and private borrowing is not clear, and indirect financing means are used to deal with the direct financing problem. The determination of "illegal possession purpose" has a tendency to expand. The prescriptive mode of "qualitative and quantitative" makes the extreme practice of "crime is supreme" in practical departments. From the point of view of social effect, the containment effect of fund-raising cases is limited, and the disposal mode of assets involved is controversial, which leads to certain negative effects. The third part is mainly from the perspective of financial concept, civil and administrative regulation, advocating the establishment of inclusive, open financial regulatory system, through legislation and lowering the financial institutions set standards, reserved space for legal private financing. At the same time, we should establish a unified administrative supervision mechanism, supervise the raising of funds, and safeguard the interests of investors in the handling of cases. The fourth part mainly from the criminal law angle, first carries on the definition to the fund raising behavior nature, then unifies the judicial practice, carries on the concrete analysis to the "illegal possession purpose" the confirmation, prevents in the judicial practice excessive presumption. Finally, from the point of view of penalty mitigation, the author advocates restricting the application of the death penalty, and proposes to expand the fine penalty and increase the application of the qualification penalty according to the characteristics of the crime.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3
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