贿赂犯罪中事后自动恢复条款初探

发布时间：2018-08-15 19:17

【摘要】：我国刑法在行贿罪、介绍贿赂罪以及对非国家工作人员行贿罪中,均规定了"在被追诉前主动交代犯罪行为的,可以减轻处罚或者免除处罚"的条款。关于这一条款规定的行为性质,通说认为构成特别自首。但是这类行为已经超越了自首的界限,实际上是一种典型的事后自动恢复行为。作为一类独立的行为类型,事后自动恢复有其相应的主客观要件。主观方面必须具备认识因素与意志因素,认识因素是行为人明知自己的行为是刑法中规定的犯罪行为,意志因素是行为人自愿恢复的决意。事后自动恢复客观方面必须具备行为要素与结果要素,行为要素是行为人实施的行为是主动恢复、消除违法的行为,结果要素是行为人的主动恢复行为全部或者是部分恢复了犯罪行为所破坏的法益,降低了犯罪的社会危害性。鉴于事后自动恢复行为在恢复法益方面的积极作用,应在刑法中采取"二元立法模式"予以明确。
[Abstract]:In the crime of bribery, the crime of bribery and the crime of offering bribes to non-state functionaries, the criminal law of our country stipulates the clause that "if the criminal act is confessed voluntarily before prosecution, the punishment may be mitigated or exempted". As to the nature of the act provided for in this clause, the general view is that it constitutes a special surrender. But such behavior has gone beyond surrender and is in fact a typical self-recovery behavior. As an independent type of behavior, automatic recovery after the event has its corresponding subjective and objective elements. The subjective aspect must have the cognition factor and the will factor, the cognition factor is the actor knows his own behavior is the criminal act stipulated in the criminal law, the will factor is the actor voluntarily recovers the determination. The objective aspect of automatic recovery after the event must have the elements of behavior and result, and the elements of behavior are the active recovery of the behavior carried out by the actor and the elimination of the illegal behavior. The result factor is that the active recovery behavior of the perpetrator completely or partially recovers the legal benefits destroyed by the criminal act and reduces the social harmfulness of the crime. In view of the positive role of ex post automatic recovery in the restoration of legal interests, the dual legislative model should be adopted in the criminal law.
【作者单位】：广东警官学院法律系;
【基金】：广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD14CFX03)
【分类号】：D924.392

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