大数据时代个人数据安全的刑法保护

发布时间：2018-08-20 09:17

【摘要】：被视为第三次科技浪潮的大数据时代,正在以超出人们想象的速度来到我们身边,深刻地改变着人们的生活。消费网站记录了消费者的购物清单,搜索引擎掌握了人们每一次的搜索内容,而社交网站记录了人们的社交人群,更进一步,通过挖掘、关联、分析人们的购物情况、搜索记录、社交人群等大量数据,可以得到个人的身高、体重、性别、健康状况,乃至姓名、婚姻状况、宗教信仰、家庭住址等等各种个人信息。受巨大利益的驱动,技术黑客和诈骗集团无缝连接紧密配合,大数据时代背景下的个人数据安全问题面临严峻挑战,个人数据被侵犯的渠道、形式日趋多样,被侵犯的数量惊人,涉及面也越来越广泛。因此,个人数据安全成为大数据时代普遍关注的重大议题,加强个人数据保护既有现实的需求,同样也面临着挑战。本文结合大数据时代个人数据安全的特点,对个人数据安全保护面临的挑战进行分析,指出我国现行刑法对个人数据保护的不足之处,并进而通过完善刑法加强对个人数据安全的保护。要在保持刑法谦抑性的基础上丰富、完善大数据时代个人数据的保护理念,本文从刑事立法、刑事司法两个途径尝试给出解决办法。从刑事立法角度,扩充个人数据的内涵,不仅包括直接个人数据,也包括间接个人数据(直接个人数据是指可以直接反映个人信息的数据,比如个人的身高体重数据、个人的家庭住址数据;间接个人数据是指虽然不直接反映个人信息的数据,但大量此类数据的关联分析中,得出直接反映个人信息的数据),并对利用间接个人数据得到直接个人数据,造成严重后果的行为进行规制;从刑事司法角度,既要按照个人数据的质来研究数据安全,也要结合大数据时代特点,从量的角度进行数据保护。
[Abstract]:The big data era, which is regarded as the third wave of technology, is coming to us at a speed beyond people's imagination and profoundly changing people's lives. Consumer sites record consumer shopping lists, search engines capture people's search content every time, and social networking sites record people's social groups, further, by digging, associating, analyzing people's shopping, Search for records, social groups and other data to get personal information about height, weight, sex, health, even names, marital status, religious beliefs, home addresses, and so on. Driven by huge interests, technology hackers and fraud groups work together seamlessly. Under the background of the big data era, personal data security problems are facing severe challenges. The channels of personal data infringement are becoming more and more diverse. The number of violations is staggering, and the scope is becoming more and more widespread. Therefore, personal data security has become a major issue in the big data era. Strengthening personal data protection has not only realistic needs, but also challenges. Based on the characteristics of personal data security in the era of big data, this paper analyzes the challenges faced by personal data security protection, and points out the deficiencies of personal data protection in China's current criminal law. And then through the improvement of criminal law to strengthen the protection of personal data security. In order to maintain the modesty of criminal law and improve the concept of personal data protection in the big data era, this paper tries to give the solution from two ways of criminal legislation and criminal justice. From the perspective of criminal legislation, the connotation of personal data is expanded to include not only direct personal data, but also indirect personal data (direct personal data refers to data that can directly reflect personal information, such as personal height and weight data. Data on an individual's home address; indirect personal data refers to data that does not directly reflect personal information, but in association analysis of a large number of such data, To obtain the data that directly reflects personal information), and to regulate the behavior of using indirect personal data to obtain direct personal data, which has serious consequences; from the angle of criminal justice, it is necessary to study data security according to the quality of personal data. Also must combine the big data time characteristic, carries on the data protection from the quantity angle.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.34

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