刑罚正性心理效应的影响因素及其实现路径

发布时间：2018-08-25 18:47

【摘要】：刑罚的正性心理效应强调刑罚目的与刑罚效果的一致性,申彰刑罚行为导向的积极作用,贬抑刑罚偏离公众意愿之消极影响,并力图通过刑罚惩戒使犯罪者认罪伏法,潜在犯罪者望而生畏,民众普遍首肯。刑罚既是一种痛苦刺激,亦是一种成本附加,刺激使犯罪和刑罚形成整体印象,并直观的予以联想;成本则改变行为的得益,使犯罪得不偿失,支不付出,进而打消犯罪意念,阻遏犯罪动机。刑罚成本的有无、大小与刑罚惩罚的必定性、及时性、适度性休戚相关、紧密相连。具体而言,刑罚应当以公众为视角,从常识、常理、常情出发,在洞彻公众意愿的基础上予以合理设置;在适用时,公众之于刑罚的心理反馈又及时测量刑罚内容与公众意愿的趋同性,并在偏离时予以动态调整。
[Abstract]:The positive psychological effect of the penalty emphasizes the consistency between the purpose of the penalty and the effect of the penalty, the positive effect of the orientation of the penalty behavior, the negative influence of the penalty deviating from the public will, and tries hard to make the offender confess guilt through the punishment. Potential criminals were feared and the public generally agreed. Punishment is not only a painful stimulus, but also a kind of additional cost, which makes a whole impression of crime and punishment, and directly associates it; cost changes the gains of behavior, makes the crime outweigh the gain and loses, and then dispels the idea of the crime. Deter the motive of crime. The existence and size of penalty cost are closely related to the necessity, timeliness and moderation of penalty punishment. In particular, penalties should be reasonably set from the public perspective, starting from common sense, common sense and common sense, on the basis of the public's wishes; when applicable, The psychological feedback from the public to the penalty measures the convergence between the content of penalty and the will of the public in time, and adjusts dynamically when deviating.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目:刑法适用公众参与机制研究(项目编号:13BFX057)阶段性研究成果重庆市研究生科研创新项目:刑民界限新论——基于刑法不得已原则的视角(项目编号:CYB14025)阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D914

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