蒙古国被判刑人移管法律制度完善研究

发布时间：2018-09-14 15:42

【摘要】：随着经济全球化的发展,国家间的交往日益密切,包括经济、政治、文化以及司法等领域的交往,而在这些领域中跨国型的犯罪率呈现出上升的趋势,作为一种国际刑事司法协助手段之一的被判刑人移管制度应运而生。被判刑人移管制度就是指一个外籍罪犯在外国犯罪,该外国依据本国的法律对其进行审判并处以刑罚,外籍罪犯的国籍国或居住地国向判刑国提出移交的申请,并经过该外籍罪犯的同意,判刑国将该外籍罪犯移交给请求国去执行剩余的刑罚。这种制度主要是基于人道主义精神并以当前国际刑事政策为指导,让被判刑人回到其所熟悉的环境中服刑,以便其将来在回归社会后能够很快的适应社会的发展,也便于其亲属去服刑地对其探视,从而使被判刑人能够在一种比较人性化的环境中改造。该制度虽然属于国际刑事司法协助,但其与引渡、承认与执行外国生效的刑事判决以及驱逐出境等制度有着本质上的区别。被判刑人移管制度的实施,不管是对判刑国还是执行国都有很重要的意义,尤其是对被判刑人本人,所带来的作用是不言而喻的,也顺应当前国际刑事司法发展的潮流。该制度的实施必须遵循相互尊重国家主权和管辖权原则、一罪不再罚、双重罪犯以及有利于被判刑人等基本原则。本文主要从以下的三个章节对蒙古国被判刑人移管法律制度的完善进行探索。第一部分对被判刑人移管制度的相关国际条约进行概述,从该制度的含义、在国际条约中的历史演进和发展趋势及其基本特征等方面进行阐述,首先让读者们对该制度进行一个框架式的了解;第二部分是在前一章节的理论基础之上,对蒙古国的被判刑移管制度所存在的问题进行剖析,主要从蒙古国国内对该制度的立法状况以及和外国签订的国际条约并加入这方面的国际公约等角度分析蒙古国在建立该制度所存在的一些问题;第三部分是针对上一章节所提出的问题,提出一些完善蒙古国被判刑人移管制度的必要性和建议。目前关于蒙古国移管条约和移管制度的国内法研究基本属于空白状态,因此这正是本文所要研究的问题。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization, exchanges between countries are becoming closer and closer, including economic, political, cultural and judicial exchanges. In these areas, the transnational crime rate is on the rise. As one of the means of international criminal judicial assistance, the system of transfer of sentenced persons arises at the historic moment. The system of transfer of sentenced persons means that a foreign offender commits a crime in a foreign country, which is tried and punished by that foreign State in accordance with the laws of that State, and the State of nationality or residence of the foreign offender applies to the sentenced State for surrender, With the consent of the alien offender, the sentenced State transfers the alien offender to the requesting State for the execution of the remaining sentence. Such a system is based primarily on the spirit of humanitarianism and guided by current international criminal policy, allowing sentenced persons to return to their familiar circumstances to serve their sentences in order to enable them to adapt quickly to the development of society after their future reintegration, It also allows their relatives to visit them while serving their sentences, thus enabling the sentenced person to be rehabilitated in a more humane environment. Although this system belongs to international criminal judicial assistance, it is essentially different from the system of extradition, recognition and enforcement of criminal judgments in force in foreign countries and expulsion. The implementation of the system of transfer of sentenced persons is of great significance to both the sentenced country and the enforcement country, especially to the sentenced person himself, which is self-evident and conforms to the current trend of the development of international criminal justice. The system must be implemented in accordance with the principles of mutual respect for national sovereignty and jurisdiction, impunity for one crime, double criminality and the benefit of sentenced persons. This paper explores the perfection of the legal system of the transfer of sentenced persons in Mongolia from the following three chapters. The first part gives an overview of the relevant international treaties of the system of transfer of sentenced persons, including the meaning of the system, the historical evolution and development trends in international treaties and their basic characteristics. First, let readers have a frame understanding of the system; the second part is to analyze the problems existing in Mongolia's sentencing transfer system based on the theory of the previous chapter. Mainly from the point of view of Mongolia's domestic legislation status of the system and the international treaties signed with foreign countries and accession to the international conventions in this field, this paper analyzes some problems existing in the establishment of the system in Mongolia; The third part is to put forward some necessary and suggestions to improve the system of transfer of sentenced persons in Mongolia in view of the problems raised in the previous chapter. At present, the domestic law research on Mongolia's transfer treaty and system is basically blank, so this is exactly the problem to be studied in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D931.1;DD914

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