醉驾行为一概入罪否定论

发布时间：2018-10-23 21:25

【摘要】：伴随着道路上机动车数量的不断增多,加之机动车自身的高速性与巨大的整车重量,驾驶人员一个轻微的驾驶失误就极易引发事故惨剧。因此,醉酒驾驶机动车辆隐藏着巨大的交通事故隐患,一旦发生交通事故,损失也是极其惨重的。国家为了预防这类犯罪,立法机关将这类行政违法行为升格为刑事犯罪行为,希望通过刑法的威慑作用来有效避免该类危险行为的发生。因此在《刑法修正案(八)》当中,首次增设醉酒型危险驾驶罪,并且在《刑法修正案(九)》当中继续对该行为进行了保留,但是在这两次修正案当中都没有规定该罪的定罪情节。近三年来,危险驾驶罪的一审审结量都保持在10万件以上,并且保持每年递增的趋势,已经演变成了高发性刑事案件。这一现象产生的原因在于,司法机关对该行为入罪标准的认定过于机械,即以驾驶员血液中的酒精含量大于或者等于80mg/100ml作为定罪标准。对该行为情节的认定缺乏相应的统一标准,并且往往忽视其他特殊情形。因此,对于这种轻微的刑事犯罪,依然存在“出罪”的可能性,而且对“出罪”标准的把握也是十分必要的。本文以专题研究的形式,通过三个部分进行论述。第一部分是醉驾行为一概入罪否定论的必要性与可能性证成。该部分主要是对存在“出罪”可能的醉驾行为进行类型化分析,找出醉驾行为入罪与“出罪”的界限。并结合相关刑法学理论、现有法律制度及社会现状等因素进行综合考量,对醉酒驾驶行为存在“出罪”情形的必要性与可能性进行有效论证。第二部分是醉驾行为一概入罪否定论的路径分析。该部分以责任阻却事由理论、原因自由行为理论及刑法第13条“但书”条款为支撑,通过对实务当中存在争议的相关案件进行研究,并进行对比与归纳,最终总结出了醉驾行为“出罪”的具体路径。第三部分是醉驾行为一概入罪否定论的制度完善。该部分通过从立法、司法及判例三个角度,提出相关建议,对醉驾行为一概入罪否定论进行有效完善,从而有效指导司法实践。
[Abstract]:Along with the increasing number of motor vehicles on the road, coupled with the vehicle's own high speed and huge vehicle weight, a slight driving error by drivers is easy to cause accidents tragedy. Therefore, drunk driving motor vehicle hidden huge hidden dangers of traffic accident, once the traffic accident, the loss is extremely heavy. In order to prevent this kind of crime, the legislature upgraded this kind of administrative illegal act to criminal crime, hoping to effectively avoid the occurrence of this kind of dangerous behavior through the deterrent effect of criminal law. Therefore, in the Criminal Law Amendment (8), the crime of drunken dangerous driving has been added for the first time, and in the Amendment (9) of the Criminal Law, the act has continued to be reserved. But neither amendment provides for a conviction. In the past three years, the number of first-instance adjudication of dangerous driving crimes has been kept at more than 100000, and the trend of increasing every year has evolved into a high incidence of criminal cases. The reason for this phenomenon lies in the fact that the judiciary's recognition of the standard of incrimination is too mechanical, that is, the alcohol content in the blood of the driver is greater than or equal to 80mg/100ml as the standard of conviction. There is a lack of uniform standards for the determination of the action, and other special circumstances are often ignored. Therefore, for such minor criminal offences, there is still the possibility of "crime", and it is very necessary to grasp the standard of "crime". This paper, in the form of special research, is discussed in three parts. The first part is the necessity and possibility of drunk driving. This part mainly analyzes the possible drunken driving behavior in the existence of "crime", and finds out the boundary between "drunken driving behavior" and "crime out". Combined with the relevant criminal law theory, the existing legal system and the social status quo and other factors for comprehensive consideration, the necessity and possibility of the existence of "crime" in drunken driving behavior are effectively demonstrated. The second part is the path analysis of the theory of the crime of drunk driving. This part is supported by the theory of responsibility and obstruction, the theory of reason free behavior and the proviso clause of Article 13 of the Criminal Law, through the study of the relevant cases in practice, and the comparison and induction. Finally summed up the drunk driving behavior, "out of the crime" specific path. The third part is the perfection of the system of the crime of drunk driving. In this part, the author puts forward some relevant suggestions from three angles of legislation, judicature and case law, which can effectively perfect the theory of negation of the crime of drunk driving, and guide the judicial practice effectively.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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