论行贿犯罪的“谋取不正当利益”要件

发布时间：2018-10-31 07:05

【摘要】：当前，司法实践中对行贿犯罪的查处力度远远低于受贿犯罪，主要原因在于对行贿犯罪中“谋取不正当利益”要件的界定不清。本文结合笔者工作实践，对“谋取不正当利益”要件进行全面解读，为查处行贿犯罪提供较为系统的理论意见，力图改变查处行受贿犯罪力度不一的现状。 “谋取不正当利益”要件于1997年刑法大修时入律，之后“两高”多次对该要件进行解释，学术界对该要件的认识主要有非法利益说、手段不正当说、违背职务说和不确定利益说等，笔者基本同意不确定利益说，并对该观点进行了完善。从最终的司法解释来看，此观点更加贴切。 “谋取不正当利益”在犯罪构成要件中应当属于主观要件，刑法第389条第三款亦隐含了此要件。本文对司法解释中“法律、法规、规章、政策、行业规范”应当如何认定进行了阐述，尤其是“政策”和“行业规范”的认定，相关规定里并没有一个明确的概念，这也是司法实践中争论的焦点所在，本文重点对这两个概念进行了探讨。由于“谋取不正当利益”要件在理论界和实务界的争论都比较大，建议取消该要件的呼声较高，，但笔者从办案实践出发，以社会现状和历史条件为依托，认为应当保留该要件。
[Abstract]:At present, the investigation and punishment of bribery crime in judicial practice is far less than that of bribery crime, the main reason is that the definition of "seeking improper interests" in bribery crime is not clear. Combined with the author's work practice, this paper comprehensively interprets the elements of "seeking improper interests", provides a more systematic theoretical opinion for investigating and punishing the crime of bribery, and tries to change the present situation of the different intensity of investigating and punishing the crime of bribery. The element of "seeking improper interests" entered the law when the criminal law was overhauled in 1997. After that, the "two High levels" explained this element many times. The academic circles mainly have the theory of illegal interests and improper means to understand this element. Contrary to the theory of duty and uncertain interests, the author basically agrees with the theory of uncertain interests, and perfects this view. From the final judicial interpretation, this view is more relevant. "seeking improper interests" should be a subjective element in the constitutive elements of the crime, which is also implied in the third paragraph of Article 389 of the Criminal Law. This paper expounds how "laws, regulations, policies and trade norms" should be recognized in judicial interpretation, especially the "policies" and "industry norms". There is not a clear concept in the relevant provisions. This is also the focus of controversy in judicial practice, this paper focuses on the two concepts. Since the argument of "seeking improper interests" is quite large in the theoretical and practical circles, it is suggested that the voice of cancelling the element be higher. However, the author, proceeding from the practice of handling cases and relying on the social present situation and historical conditions, thinks that the elements should be retained.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.392

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