网络诽谤刑事法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-11-16 15:32

【摘要】：网络诽谤伴生在网络这一现代化信息载体上,通过幕后的操控,正以风起云涌之势,在现代信息社会快速扩散开来,对受害人名誉权造成了伤害,对整个社会的正常秩序造成了破坏。基于此,本文结合《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》(以下简称《解释》)的相关规定,一方面表明网络诽谤需要从刑法角度来规范,应该严格遵循诽谤罪的构成要件,该解释对网络诽谤行为进行了界定,并且明确了网络诽谤“情节严重”以及“严重危害社会秩序和国家利益”的具体情形。另一方面在司法适用中仍存在网络诽谤与表达自由之间界限的不清晰、网络水军行为是否适用传统的共犯理论,以及对于恶意转载情节恶劣等相关问题的规定,仍值得进一步探讨。本文围绕网络诽谤在司法解释中存在的问题展开论述,共分为绪论和正文两部分,正文部分包括了三个章节。绪论主要研究了网络诽谤的国内外现状研究。运用比较分析的方法,列举两大法系代表型国家关于网络诽谤的法制状况,以此借鉴其治理经验,结合本文关于网络诽谤刑事法律适用的几点问题,研究提出适合我国的网络诽谤治理模式。第一章主要探讨了网络空间中的诽谤行为的概念及特征。第一节首先对网络诽谤概念、特征做以定义分析,继而对网络技术的发展对诽谤的负面效应进行了宏观描述。在此基础上,第二节通过将网络诽谤与网络谣言、名誉等比较分析,旨在明确界定刑事法律保护的内容及客体。第二章可以说是本文的核心,本章结合《解释》的最新规定,从网络诽谤犯罪构成的角度出发,对于网络诽谤的认定标准进行了详尽的论述,详细探讨了网络诽谤当前存在的刑事法律争议的问题。第一节网络诽谤行为的入罪化问题。在主体方面,肯定了网络信息传播者、管理者和网络新闻媒体的诽谤罪主体地位。在主观方面,对于间接故意能否构成网络诽谤进行了讨论,并对传播者间接故意的认定深入阐述。在客观方面,关于网络诽谤的行为方式上,细化了“捏造或篡改事实并进行散布”的具体认定标准;关于“情节严重”的认定上,本章结合《解释》的具体规定,对于网络诽谤“情节严重”的数量标准、危害后果标准和主观恶性标准进行了界定。在客体方面,本章明确了应当如何理解网络诽谤侵害的他人名誉权。第二节网络诽谤共犯问题研究。第三章针对存在的问题提出相关的完善建议。第一节网络诽谤行为的定罪模式及原则,第二节确定表达自由与网络诽谤的原则,第三节坚持民法、行政法规范为主,刑法辅助规范的治理原则
[Abstract]:The network libel is accompanied by the network, a modern information carrier. Through the behind-the-scenes manipulation, it is spreading rapidly in the modern information society, causing harm to the victims' right of reputation. It has caused damage to the normal order of the whole society. Based on this, this paper combines the relevant provisions of the interpretation of the Supreme people's Court and the Supreme people's Procuratorate on the application of the law in criminal cases such as libel through the use of information networks (hereinafter referred to as "interpretation"). On the one hand, it shows that network libel needs to be regulated from the angle of criminal law and should strictly follow the constitutive elements of libel. It also clarifies the specific circumstances of "serious circumstances" and "serious harm to social order and national interests". On the other hand, in the judicial application, there is still a lack of clear boundary between Internet libel and freedom of expression, whether traditional accomplice theory is applicable to the acts of the cyber navy, as well as the provisions on malicious reprinting and other related issues, such as bad circumstances, etc. It is still worth further discussion. This paper discusses the problems existing in the judicial interpretation of Internet libel, which is divided into two parts: the introduction and the text. The text includes three chapters. The introduction mainly studies the current situation of online libel at home and abroad. By using the method of comparative analysis, this paper enumerates the legal status of network libel in the representative countries of two legal systems, so as to draw lessons from its governance experience, and combine with some problems in the application of criminal law of network libel in this paper. This paper puts forward the model of network libel governance suitable for our country. The first chapter mainly discusses the concept and characteristics of libel in cyberspace. In the first section, the concept and characteristics of network libel are defined and analyzed, and then the negative effects of the development of network technology on libel are described macroscopically. On this basis, the second section through the network libel and network rumors, reputation and other comparative analysis, the purpose is to clearly define the content and object of criminal law protection. The second chapter can be said to be the core of this paper, this chapter combined with the latest provisions of "explanation", from the perspective of the composition of the crime of libel on the Internet, the identification of the standard of network libel is discussed in detail. This paper discusses in detail the current criminal legal disputes of Internet libel. The first section is about the criminalization of internet libel. In the aspect of subject, it affirms the status of internet information disseminator, manager and network news media as the subject of libel. In the subjective aspect, the author discusses whether indirect intention can constitute network libel, and expounds the confirmation of indirect intention of communicator. In the objective aspect, regarding the behavior way of the network libel, has refined "fabricates or tampers the fact and carries on the dissemination" the concrete confirmation standard; With regard to the determination of "serious circumstances", this chapter defines the quantitative standards, harmful consequences criteria and subjective malignant criteria of "serious circumstances" of Internet libel combined with the specific provisions of "explanation". In the aspect of object, this chapter clarifies how to understand the right of reputation of others infringed by internet libel. The second section studies the problem of Internet libel accomplice. The third chapter puts forward some suggestions to improve the existing problems. The first section is the conviction mode and principle of online libel, the second section determines the principle of freedom of expression and the principle of online libel, the third section adheres to the principles of civil law, administrative law and supplementary criminal law.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.34

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