执行命令行为研究

发布时间：2019-03-14 13:47

【摘要】：执行命令行为是指下级国家机关工作人员执行上级国家机关及其工作人员的有效命令、决定的行为。执行命令行为是一种正当化事由：执行合法命令的行为属于违法性阻却事由；一定条件下，执行明显违法命令的行为属于责任阻却事由。执行命令行为作为一种正当化事由，，其理论根据存在一元论与多元论的观点。对于执行命令行为的正当化条件，刑法学界存在四要件、五要件说和六要件说的分歧。一般来讲，执行命令行为的正当化应当具备命令的有效性、行为的合法性和目的的正当性这三个方面的条件。当行为人执行明显违法命令的行为构成犯罪时：命令“明显违法”是指可能造成严重后果甚至构成犯罪，属于错误命令中情形较严重的一种；执行明显违法的命令且命令内容涉及犯罪时上下级之间构成共同犯罪；“执行命令”可以作为法定从宽处罚情节但是不得免除处罚。
[Abstract]:The execution of an order refers to the action of a functionary of a state organ at a lower level to execute the effective orders and decisions of a higher state organ and its functionaries. The execution of an order is a justifiable cause: the execution of a lawful order belongs to the illegal hindrance; under certain conditions, the execution of the obvious illegal order belongs to the responsibility of the obstruction. Execution of orders as a legitimate cause, its theory is based on the existence of monism and pluralism. There are four elements, five elements and six elements in the field of criminal law on the justifiable conditions of the execution of orders. Generally speaking, the legitimacy of the execution of an order should have three conditions: the validity of the order, the legitimacy of the act and the legitimacy of the purpose. When the behavior of execution of obvious illegal order constitutes a crime: ordering "obvious violation" means that it may result in serious consequences or even constitute a crime, which belongs to a more serious case in the wrong order; The execution of an obviously illegal order and the contents of the order constitute a joint crime when the contents of the order involve a crime; the "execution order" may be regarded as a statutory leniency but may not be exempted from punishment.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D914

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