西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪研究

发布时间：2019-03-18 09:58

【摘要】：黑社会性质组织犯罪的防控是当今世界各国普遍面临的难题。为了对黑社会性质组织犯罪的防控提出有效的措施,明确该类犯罪的特征、分析其成因,进而掌握防控对策之提出所需要的第一手资料就显得尤为重要。在我国经济、社会、文化的大背景下,西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪尽管具有我国黑社会性质组织犯罪的一般特征,但是其自身也存在一些独特的性质与形成原因。西北地区地广人稀,自然资源人均占有不均,属于经济发展相对落后地区,这一地区的民族成分复杂,经济发展不平衡,贫富差距比较大。全国范围内发展中存在的问题,在西北地区同样不同程度的存在,有些问题甚至比其它地区更为严重。黑社会性质组织犯罪和民族问题、发展不公问题以及社会腐败相结合,使得西北地区的黑社会性质组织犯罪具有特殊的地域特点,研究这一地区的黑社会性质组织犯罪,涉及到整个国家的安宁和社会稳定,当然也直接关系到西北地区人民生活的安宁和经济社会发展秩序的和谐稳定。从组织形态上来看,西北地区黑社会性质组织严密性相对较低,尚处于低级阶段,但是组织内成员较为稳定。组织构成人员的民族成分相对复杂,文化程度较低且经济状况较差。而且,近年来,未成年人参与西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪数量呈上升趋势。西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪在经济方面以资金来源的非法化、涉及行业的特定性以及以合法经营为掩护的模式基本成形为特征。该地区黑社会性质组织犯罪多表现为暴力手段的犯罪,且多以牟取经济利益为目的。该类犯罪大多在一定的区域范围和一定行业内活动,犯罪成员多为主动参与犯罪。被害人方面,自然人和单位都是西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪侵害的对象。就自然人被害来说,分布于各年龄阶段。西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪被害人所受侵害具有多重性特征,但是,被害人所受损害的经济性特征明显。与受害状况相比,受害人所获补偿显得不足。西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪的形成有多方面的原因。西北地区独特的文化背景、经济发展状况以及社会转型背景下社会阶层的分化等原因,对西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪的形成起到了共同的作用。此外,我国相关法律以及防控机制的缺陷也对西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪的打击产生了消极影响。由于黑社会性质组织犯罪引发原因的极端复杂性,不但单一的法律措施很难奏效,即便是现行刑法规定,也存在诸多漏洞和不完善之处,具体表现在形式实体法和程序法两个大的方面。作者在文中通过对西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪的历史考察和现实调研,分析和总结了西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪的特征,以及引发西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪的文化、经济、社会、心理和法律等方面的原因,在借鉴美、日、意、德等国和国际社会打击黑社会性质犯罪经验的基础上,对西北地区黑社会性质组织犯罪的预防和控制从三个方面提出了自己的见解。
[Abstract]:The prevention and control of the organized crime of the underworld is a common challenge for all the countries in the world today. In order to put forward effective measures to the prevention and control of the organized crime of the underworld, it is very important to make clear the characteristics of the crime, analyze the cause of the crime, and then grasp the first-hand information needed for the prevention and control measures. Under the background of China's economic, social and cultural background, the organized crime of the underworld in the northwest region, despite the general characteristics of the organized crime of the underworld, has some unique properties and reasons. In the northwest part of the region, the natural resources per capita are uneven, and they belong to the relatively backward areas of the economic development. The ethnic composition in this region is complex, the economic development is not balanced, and the gap between the rich and the poor is relatively large. The problems existing in the development of the whole country are also different in the northwest, and some problems are even more serious than other areas. The criminal and national problems of the underworld, the inequity of development and the combination of social corruption, make the organized crime of the underworld in the northwest region have special geographical characteristics, and study the organized crime of the underworld in the region, which involves the peace and social stability of the whole country, Of course, it is also directly related to the harmony and stability of the peace and economic and social development order of the people in the northwest region. In that form of the organization, the degree of the underworld of the underworld of the northwest is relatively low, it is still in the lower stage, but the inner member of the organization is more stable. The ethnic composition of the organization's personnel is relatively complex, the degree of culture is low, and the economic situation is poor. Moreover, in recent years, the number of crimes committed by minors in the nature of the underworld in the northwest is on the rise. The organized crime of the underworld in the northwest region is characterized by the illegality of the source of funds in the economic aspect, the specific nature of the industry and the mode of legal operation as the cover. The crime of organized crime of the gangland in the region is a crime of violent means, and it is the purpose of seeking economic benefit. Most of these crimes are active in a certain area and in certain industries, and the members of the crime are actively involved in the crime. In the area of the victim, the natural person and the unit are the objects of the crime of the underworld of the Northwest China. In that case of the murder of a natural person, it is distribute in all age groups. The victim of the crime of the underworld of the northwest region has the multiplicity of characteristics, but the economic characteristic of the victim's damage is obvious. In contrast to that situation of the victim, the victim's compensation was insufficient. There are many reasons for the formation of the organized crime of the underworld in the northwest region. The unique cultural background, economic development and the division of social stratum in the background of the social transformation play a common role in the formation of the organized crime of the underworld in the northwest region. In addition, the defects of the relevant laws and the prevention and control mechanism of China also have a negative impact on the fight against the organized crime of the underworld in the northwest region. Because of the extreme complexity of the cause of organized crime of the underworld, not only the single legal measure is hard to work, but even in the current criminal law, there are many loopholes and imperfections, which are embodied in the two aspects of the formal substantive law and the procedural law. In this paper, the author analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of the organized crime of the underworld in the Northwest, and the culture, economy and society of the organized crime of the underworld in the northwest of China through the historical investigation and the reality investigation of the organized crime of the underworld of the Northwest China. Based on the experience of American, Japanese, Italian and German and the international community in the fight against the nature of the underworld, the prevention and control of the organized crime of the underworld in the Northwest China has been put forward from three aspects.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924.3

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