我国规划环评制度完善研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 08:46

本文关键词： 规划环评规划编制审查评价技术公众参与　出处：《烟台大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：规划环境影响评价(以下简称“规划环评”)是从决策源头保护生态和控制污染的重要抓手,是优化经济发展、促进社会和谐进步、建设生态文明的重要手段。我国规划环评制度从无到有,从纸面到实践经历了漫长的艰难的发展历程。对我国规划环评制度的完善进行研究,首先要肯定多年来不断探索取得的成果,总结教训,积累经验。其次要看到我国规划环评制度还有很多不完善之处,制度框架虽然已经建立,但是缺乏具体的实施细则导致现有的规划环评制度对实践的指导意义并不明显。最后,对我国现行规划环评制度进行分析,找出不足,并提出建议弥补其缺陷,以期规划环评能够实现源头防治,推进科学决策。由于我国规划环评发展基础差,起步晚,发展慢,在立法和执法两方面仍然存在许多问题。在立法方面,主要存在以下不足:规划环评的范围狭窄且模糊;规划环评程序中各部门职责不明确;有关部门操作流程不规范,公众参与制度和保障机制不健全;缺乏替代方案的规定。在执法方面,主要存在以下问题:规划编制、审批部门的规划环评法律意识淡薄,执法方式不规范;规划环评技术方法不够成熟;缺乏高素质的规划环评人才。因此,要对我国规划环评制度进行完善,立法方面应当做到:明确规划环评的具体范围;改革完善现有规划操作流程;强化公众参与,健全保障机制;增加替代方案的规定。执法方面应当做到:提高规划环评法律意识,转变执法方式;推进规划环评技术体系的构建;培养高素质的规划环评人才。只有从立法和执法两方面弥补我国规划环评的不足之处,双管齐下,才能避免规划环评流于形式,推进规划环评工作有效实施,实现可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Planning environmental impact assessment (hereinafter referred to as "planning environmental impact assessment") is an important starting point to protect ecology and control pollution from the source of decision-making, is to optimize economic development and promote social harmony and progress. The important means of constructing ecological civilization. The planning environmental impact assessment system of our country has gone through a long and difficult development course from scratch to practice. First of all, we should affirm the achievements we have made over the years, sum up the lessons learned, and accumulate experiences. Secondly, we must see that our planning and environmental assessment system is still a lot of imperfections, although the institutional framework has already been established. However, the lack of specific implementation rules leads to the lack of guidance significance of the existing planning environmental assessment system to practice. Finally, this paper analyzes the current planning and environmental assessment system in China, finds out the deficiencies, and puts forward some suggestions to remedy its shortcomings. It is hoped that the planning environmental impact assessment can realize the source prevention and control and promote scientific decision-making. Due to the poor foundation of planning and environmental impact assessment in our country, it starts late and develops slowly. There are still many problems in legislation and law enforcement. The main deficiencies are as follows: the scope of planning environmental impact assessment is narrow and vague; the responsibility of each department is not clear; the operation flow of relevant departments is not standardized; the system of public participation and the guarantee mechanism are not perfect; In the aspect of law enforcement, there are the following problems: weak legal consciousness of planning and environmental impact assessment of examination and approval departments, irregular law enforcement methods, inadequate technical methods of planning environmental impact assessment; Therefore, in order to perfect the planning environmental impact assessment system of our country, we should make clear the specific scope of planning environmental impact assessment, reform and perfect the existing planning operation flow, strengthen the public participation, Improve the safeguard mechanism, increase the provisions of alternative schemes, and enforce the law should: improve the legal awareness of planning environmental impact assessment, change the way of law enforcement, promote the construction of the technical system of planning environmental impact assessment; Only by making up for the deficiency of planning environmental impact assessment in our country from the aspects of legislation and law enforcement, can we avoid the mere formality of planning environmental impact assessment, promote the effective implementation of planning environmental impact assessment and realize sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68;D922.1

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