我国政府数据开放法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 06:02

本文选题：政府数据开放　切入点：规范分析　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国经济体制改革方面不断深入,各种体制机制的矛盾凸显,我国进入全面深化改革的关键时期。不断深化行政体制改革,由管理型政府向服务型政府转变,实现治理能力的现代化,是我国当前行政体制改革的目标。大数据在创新政府社会管理方面提供了新路径,创造了新机遇。纵观国际社会,只有探索构建更加透明、更具有回应性的民主政府,才能满足在大数据时代公民对于精细数据的新要求。本文共有五部分组成:第一部分主要介绍了数据的概念和政府数据开放的内涵,通过对比政府信息公开可以看出信息公开与数据开放的联系与区别,说明政府数据开放在现代政府治理中的重要性。第二部分通过规范和管理体制两个方面介绍了政府数据开放在中央和地方两个层面的设计。重点在规范层面通过解读国务院和地方出台的一些规范性文件来看政府数据开放工作的制度设计,以及体制方面的职能调整和平台运行的特点和情况。第三部分从规范和体制两个方面分析了政府数据开放工作存在的问题。侧重安全的立法导向没有形成数据开放、网络安全和个人信息保护并重的立法格局;体制方面由于管理体制尚未有效建立,影响了数据开放工作。一些地方政府数据资源平台的推广使用中,在推动政府数据开放的同时也显示出一些问题。第四部分采取比较分析方法从规范和体制方面介绍一些发达国家的措施制度。在规范方面着重介绍了美国的法律制度,同时首席信息官的沟通联络机制在体制上推动了政府数据开放工作,以公众需求为导向的数据网站为数据的有效利用提供了平台。第五部分针对我国政府数据开放从规范和体制方面提出一些对策建议。重点在规范层面要加强立法工作,实现顶层设计;中央体制层面进一步加大统筹力度,通过职能调整明确职责定位,构建“一把手+首席信息官”的联络机制推动数据开放统筹工作;完善数据平台工作机制,坚持服务理念,构建多方参与的治理格局。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the deepening of the economic system reform in our country, the contradictions of various systems and mechanisms have become prominent. Our country has entered the key period of deepening the reform in an all-round way, deepening the reform of the administrative system and changing from a management-oriented government to a service-oriented government. To realize the modernization of governance ability is the goal of the current administrative system reform of our country. Big data has provided a new path and created new opportunities in innovating the social management of the government. Only a more responsive democratic government can meet the new requirements of the citizens in big data's time for fine data. This paper consists of five parts: the first part mainly introduces the concept of data and the connotation of open government data. By comparing the disclosure of government information, we can see the connection and difference between information disclosure and data openness. The second part introduces the design of government data opening at the central and local levels. Unscrambling some normative documents issued by the State Council and local authorities to see the system design for the opening up of government data, The third part analyzes the problems existing in the government data opening from two aspects: normative and institutional aspects. The legislative pattern of network security and personal information protection is equally important; because the management system has not been established effectively, it has affected the work of data opening. Some local government data resource platforms are in the process of being popularized and used. While promoting the opening up of government data, it also shows some problems. Part 4th adopts a comparative analysis method to introduce the measure systems of some developed countries from the normative and institutional aspects. In the normative aspect, it focuses on the legal system of the United States. At the same time, the chief information officer's communication and liaison mechanism has promoted the opening up of government data. The data website based on public demand provides a platform for the effective use of data. Part 5th puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the opening up of government data in China from the aspects of regulation and system. The emphasis is on strengthening the legislative work at the normative level. To achieve top-level design; the central institutional level to further strengthen the overall efforts, through the functional adjustment of clear responsibility positioning, to build a "chief information officer" liaison mechanism to promote data integration, improve the data platform work mechanism, Adhere to the concept of service, and build a multi-party participation in the governance pattern.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.1

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