死刑犯器官捐赠法律问题的研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 06:11

本文选题：死刑犯　切入点：器官捐赠　出处：《南昌大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“没有器官，就没有移植。”在器官移植界流行的这句话，证实了内地器官移植技术和器官移植市场蓬勃发展，依附在死刑犯器官主要渠道上的这条生态链已经枝繁叶茂，医疗机构、执行机关、器官买卖中介等多方利益犬牙交错。纵使政府或司法部门后期加大监督惩罚力度，都无法有效制约或者杜绝这种恶性利益的循环。在此背景下，死刑犯器官捐赠便成为了我国司法实务中具有争议性和敏感性的课题，加之法律既无明确禁止规定，又无外在阐明规则，这就为死刑犯捐赠器官留下大片的研究空间。文章分为四大部分：第一部分对死刑犯器官捐赠的基本概念做一简洁解释。及罗列当今国内学术界对死刑犯器官捐赠方面存在的理论争议。第二部分笔者通过人权保护、民法学、刑法学、司法实践四个视角论证死刑犯器官捐赠的可行性；第三部分死刑犯器官捐赠现行法律的缺陷。主要包括对死刑犯器官捐赠进行规制的法律文件层次偏低、有关死刑犯器官捐献的法律文件层次过低、实体内容规定稀薄、亟待解决法律问题以及捐赠程序的空白；第四部分死刑犯捐赠器官制度之完善，包括死刑犯捐赠器官时应遵循的四项基本原则，，完善死刑犯器官捐赠制度的合理化建议。
[Abstract]:"without organs, there is no transplant." this phrase, which is popular in the field of organ transplantation, confirms the vigorous development of organ transplant technology and organ transplant market in the mainland, and the ecological chain attached to the main channels of organs of those facing the death penalty is already flourishing. Medical institutions, executive organs, organ buying and selling agencies and other multi-interest parties are intertwined. Even if the government or the judicial department increases the degree of supervision and punishment in the later period, it will not be able to effectively restrict or eliminate this vicious interest cycle. In this context, Organ donation on death row has become a controversial and sensitive subject in judicial practice of our country. Moreover, there is no explicit prohibition and no explicit rules in the law, which leaves a large amount of research space for organ donation by death row prisoners. The article is divided into four parts: the first part gives a brief explanation of the basic concept of organ donation of prisoners on death row, and lists the theoretical disputes existing in the domestic academic circles on organ donation of prisoners on death row. The second part, the author through the protection of human rights, Civil law, criminal law, judicial practice four angles of view to prove the feasibility of organ donation of death row prisoners; the third part of the defects of the current law of organ donation of death row prisoners, mainly including the low level of legal documents regulating organ donation of death row prisoners. The level of legal documents on organ donation of death row prisoners is too low, the substantive content is thin, the legal problems need to be solved urgently and the procedure of donation is blank; 4th, the perfection of organ donation system for some death row prisoners, It includes four basic principles to be followed when donating organs to prisoners on death row, and some reasonable suggestions on perfecting organ donation system of prisoners on death penalty.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924;D925.2;D922.16

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