完善我国未成年人权益保护法律制度的研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 16:24

本文选题：未成年人　切入点：权益保护　出处：《南京财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：少年强,则国强。未成年人是祖国的未来、民族的希望,保护未成年人的权益有利于未成年人的健康成长,关系着民族的伟大振兴。我国非常重视未成年人权益保护的立法工作,在增进未成年人福利、促进未成年人健康成长方面取得了显著成效,但我国未成年人立法仍处于起步阶段,存在着诸多弊端,客观上难以应对未成年人权益频遭侵害的事实,未成年人权益保护法律制度的完善任重而道远。本文首先详细阐述了未成年人权益保护法律制度的内涵、历史脉络以及形成意义,对未成年人权益保护法律制度的基本内容进行深入分析和把握。其次,文章从微观层面出发,以《未成年人保护法》的四个保护层面为逻辑线,就未成年人权益保护的重点热点法律问题进行阐述,并深入剖析相应法律制度的困境。具体而言,包括：未成年人家庭虐待反映出的监护保护制度的困境、教师性侵犯学生反映出的教师性侵防治法律制度的困境、未成年人触网伤害反映出的未成年人网络保护法律制度的困境,以及收容教养制度的困境。再次,文章从比较研究的角度出发,详细介绍了美国和日本未成年人权益保护的立法状况,并简单介绍了美国的《预防虐待儿童及处理法案》、《儿童在线隐私保护法案》与《儿童互联网保护法案》,以及日本的《有关处罚儿童性交易、儿童色情等行为及保护儿童等法律》与《少年法》,为走出我国未成年人权益保护法律制度的困境提供经验。最后,文章对完善我国未成年人权益保护法律制度进行了探讨,并就如何完善监护保护制度、教师性侵防治法律制度、未成年人网络保护法律制度以及收容教养制度提出了一些建议和看法。基于未成年人权益受侵种类的多样性及其形成原因的复杂性,其相应具体法律制度的构建具有特殊性。但总体而言,这些具体的未成年人权益保护法律制度的完善,大多立足于法律救济和法律预防两个方面,并通过落实家庭、学校、社会及政府的责任等方式予以实现。
[Abstract]:Minors are the future of the motherland. The hope of the nation and the protection of the rights and interests of minors are conducive to the healthy growth of minors. China attaches great importance to the protection of the rights and interests of minors and has achieved remarkable results in promoting the welfare of minors and promoting their healthy growth. However, the legislation of minors in our country is still in its infancy, which has many drawbacks, and it is objectively difficult to cope with the fact that the rights and interests of minors are frequently infringed upon. The perfection of the legal system for the protection of the rights and interests of minors has a long way to go. Firstly, this paper expounds in detail the connotation, historical context and formative significance of the legal system for the protection of the rights and interests of minors. The basic contents of the legal system for the protection of the rights and interests of minors are deeply analyzed and grasped. Secondly, the article starts from the micro level and takes the four levels of protection of the law on the protection of minors as the logical line. This paper expounds the key hot legal issues in the protection of the rights and interests of minors, and deeply analyzes the predicament of the corresponding legal system. Specifically, it includes: the plight of the guardianship protection system reflected by the family abuse of minors, Teachers sexually assault students reflect the plight of the legal system of prevention and treatment of sexual assault by teachers, the plight of the legal system of network protection of minors reflected by the network injury of minors, and the plight of the system of institutionalization. Again, From the perspective of comparative research, the article introduces in detail the legislative situation of the protection of the rights and interests of minors in the United States and Japan. It also briefly introduces the Child abuse Prevention and treatment Act of the United States, the Child online Privacy Protection Act and the Child Internet Protection Act, as well as the Japanese Child trafficking Act. The law of child pornography and the law of protecting children provides experience for getting out of the predicament of the legal system of protecting the rights and interests of minors in our country. Finally, the article probes into the perfection of the legal system of the protection of the rights and interests of minors in our country. And how to perfect the system of guardianship and protection, and how to improve the legal system of prevention and treatment of sexual abuse by teachers, This paper puts forward some suggestions and opinions on the legal system of network protection of minors and the system of institutionalization. Based on the diversity of the types of infringement of minors' rights and interests and the complexity of the reasons for their formation, The construction of the corresponding specific legal system has its particularity. But generally speaking, the perfection of these specific legal systems for the protection of the rights and interests of minors is based on the two aspects of legal relief and legal prevention, and through the implementation of families and schools, The responsibility of society and government should be realized.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.183

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