我国定密制度存在的缺陷与完善

发布时间：2018-03-22 19:02

本文选题：保密法　切入点：定密制度　出处：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2010年4月全国人民代表大会通过了新修订的《中华人民共和国保守国家秘密法》,并于同年10月1日起施行。为适应新时代保密工作要求,修订后保密法在1989年5月1日起施行的保密法基础之上,进行了较大规模的修改和完善。与修订前保密法比较,新保密法作出了收紧定密权限、减少国家秘密数量、提高定密准确性、强化错误定密责任追究等具体规定,体现出了一定的先进性。但是,新保密法在界定信息公开与保密的关系方面、缩小国家秘密范围的手段方面、定密责任人制度的规定方面、国家秘密范围和确定程序方面、定密监督管理方面、定密异议解决机制方面仍然存在不小的缺陷,亟待加强与完善。本人从国家秘密的定义入手,通过研究我国定密制度的发展,同时重点借鉴美国定密责任人制度的和俄罗斯国家秘密具体范围规定等方面的成功经验,对完善我国定密制度提出了合理意见和建议。首先是调整立法原则,包括重新确定保密与公开的平衡点,增加信息公开的强制性条款；其次是完善国家秘密范围规定,包括增加法律条文的描述性和列举性语句,提高定密准确性；再次,完善定密程序规定,包括如何确定定密工作主体,如何完善和改进定密责任人制度；第四,建立定密工作监督管理机制,包括区别原始定密和派生定密,实施定密工作全程监管,强化定密责任人担责机制；最后是完善定密异议争议解决机制,包括将异议权主体扩大到全体合法知悉人,将司法救济手段纳入定密异议救济程序,加入定密损害测试和公众利益损害测试等具体内容。本文旨在为进一步推动和完善我国定密制度提供参考。
[Abstract]:In April 2010, the National people's Congress adopted the newly amended Law of the people's Republic of China on State Secrets, which came into effect on October 1 of the same year. The revised Secrets Law has been revised and perfected on a large scale on the basis of the Secrets Law that came into effect on May 1, 1989. Compared with the former secrecy Law, the new secrecy Law has made the authority to tighten the secrecy and reduce the number of state secrets. The specific provisions such as improving the accuracy of classified information and enforcing the accountability of false secrecy reflect the advanced nature. However, in defining the relationship between information disclosure and confidentiality, the new secrecy law is a means to narrow down the scope of state secrets. There are still some defects in the regulation of the system, the scope and procedure of the state secret, the supervision and management of the secret, and the resolution mechanism of the secret objection, which should be strengthened and perfected urgently. I start with the definition of state secret, by studying the development of our country's secret system, and at the same time, I focus on the successful experience of the system of responsible persons in the United States of America and the specific scope of Russian state secrets. Some reasonable opinions and suggestions are put forward to perfect the system of keeping secret in our country. First, we should adjust the principle of legislation, including redefining the balance between confidentiality and disclosure, adding the mandatory provision of information disclosure, and secondly, perfecting the scope of state secrets. Including the addition of descriptive and enumerative statements in legal provisions to improve the accuracy of secrecy; third, improve the provisions of the secrecy procedures, including how to determine the main body of the classified work, how to improve and improve the system of persons responsible for classified; fourth, Establish the mechanism of supervising and managing the secret work, including distinguishing the original secret from the derivative secret, carrying out the whole process supervision of the secret work, strengthening the responsibility mechanism of the person in charge of the secret, and finally perfecting the dispute resolution mechanism of the secret dispute, It includes extending the subject of dissent right to all persons with lawful knowledge, bringing judicial relief means into the procedure of secret dissent relief, adding classified damage test and public interest damage test and so on. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for the further promotion and improvement of China's secrecy system.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

【参考文献】