转型期农地产权绩效之谜的一个简要考察:模糊产权的视角

发布时间：2018-03-24 15:11

本文选题：农地　切入点：模糊产权　出处：《中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2015年03期

【摘要】：转型深化期的农地产权改革需要正视农地产权的模糊性。文章从产权与市场相互关系的角度,分析了我国农地模糊产权优于俄罗斯早期农地改革,同时滞后于我国城市土地产权改革的绩效之谜问题。对于具有明显制度转轨特点的我国而言,产权与市场都是决定绩效的重要因素,适应各阶段市场发展的农地产权模糊度是农地产权改革的内在要求。减少政府的产权管制、提升农民的产权行为能力,以及完善当前包括农地市场在内的诸多生产要素市场,这些我国现阶段农地产权深化创新的关键,可以使农地产权在市场化的自由交易中内生的选择最优模糊度,从而打破城乡的二元土地制度,最优化农地绩效。另外,这个过程需要特别注意政府与市场在职能和边界上的划分,保障和吸取各地产权探索创新的试错性,在赋予和农民行为能力相匹配的产权权利时,要不断提升农民自身的行使能力,最后还要注重农地产权改革公平与效率的兼顾。影响农地产权非正式制度的形塑机理,租值耗散的经验定量特点以及模糊产权的自发演化理论含义是需要进一步探讨的方向。
[Abstract]:The reform of farmland property right in the period of transformation and deepening needs to face up to the fuzziness of farmland property right. From the angle of the relationship between property right and market, this paper analyzes that the fuzzy property right of farmland in our country is superior to that of Russia's early agricultural land reform. At the same time, it lags behind the riddle of the performance of urban land property right reform in China. For our country with obvious institutional transition characteristics, both property rights and market are important factors to determine performance. The ambiguity degree of farmland property right, which adapts to the market development in various stages, is the inherent requirement of farmland property right reform. It reduces the government's property right control, promotes the farmer's property right behavior ability, and consummates many production factor markets, including the agricultural land market at present. These are the key to deepen the innovation of farmland property right in our country at the present stage, which can make the optimal choice of farmland property right in the free trade of marketization, thus break the dual land system of urban and rural areas, optimize the performance of farmland. This process requires special attention to the division of functions and boundaries between the government and the market, to safeguard and absorb the trial and error of local property rights to explore innovation, and to grant property rights that match farmers' capacity to act. In order to improve the ability of farmers themselves, we should pay attention to the balance of equity and efficiency in the reform of rural land property right, and influence the shaping mechanism of informal system of farmland property right. The empirical quantitative characteristics of rent dissipation and the theoretical meaning of spontaneous evolution of fuzzy property rights need to be further discussed.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学中国土地问题研究中心;上海财经大学人文学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“城乡统筹发展中土地要素流动及其收益共享的治理机制研究”(71273133) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“新农村建设中农民土地权利保护和有偿退出研究”(XNC2012004)
【分类号】：D922.32;F321.1

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