我国公民文化权利保障立法研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 15:30

本文选题：文化权利 + 立法　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：文化权利是公民个体或社会群体在社会领域中参与文化活动、享受文化成果以及对自身文化创造享有精神上和物质上的利益的权利。就宪法层面而言,文化权利的议题着重于人民与国家之间的权利义务关系,以及人民基于宪法将如何形塑彼此之间的生活模式。现行宪法从公民享有某项具体的文化权利和国家应采取保障公民文化权利的措施两个方面进行了规定,这体现了我国对文化权利的重视。2016年我国出台了由全国人大牵头的首部文化立法《公共文化服务保障法》,该法在一定程度上保护了公民的文化权利,但目前我国公民文化权利保障中仍存在一些不足:立法滞后且效力层次偏低;保障的立法体系不完善;存在许多立法空白;文化权利保障相关制度不完善等。国外在文化权利保障方面有一些成功的经验,作为日本文化法律立法、实施及评估的最高指导原则的文化基本法,对宪法上有关文化权利的原则性规定进行具体化、程序化,发挥“文化宪法”的功能。在法国,文化法制体系健全且及时修正等,使各地公民都有平等享受文化生活的权利。而芬兰以不同文化领域分别立法的模式不但适应了各自领域对文化发展和文化保护的不同需求,也能够更为准确、全面地保护公民文化权利。这些都对我国文化法律体系的形成、运作与稳定等方面具有深远的启示意义。积极借鉴国外的经验,完善我国公民文化权利保障对策主要有:提高我国文化权利立法层级,完善我国文化权利保障的立法体系,改善文化立法体系不完善的现状。制定文化基本法,构建体系化的文化权利立法结构;完善我国文化权利立法的基本内容,弥补相关文化权利立法空白,更好推进文化权利的司法救济,全面保障公民文化权利。
[Abstract]:Cultural rights are the rights of individual citizens or social groups to participate in cultural activities, enjoy cultural achievements and enjoy spiritual and material benefits to their own cultural creation. At the constitutional level, the issue of cultural rights focuses on the relationship of rights and obligations between the people and the State, and how the people shape each other's way of life based on the Constitution. The current Constitution provides for the enjoyment by citizens of a specific cultural right and the measures to be taken by the State to guarantee the cultural rights of its citizens, This reflects the importance our country attaches to cultural rights. In 2016, China promulgated the first cultural legislation, the Public Cultural Services guarantee Law, led by the National people's Congress, which to a certain extent protects the cultural rights of citizens. However, there are still some deficiencies in the protection of the cultural rights of citizens in our country: the legislation lags behind and the level of effectiveness is low; the legislative system of the protection is not perfect; there are many legislative gaps; and the relevant system of the protection of cultural rights is not perfect. Foreign countries have some successful experience in the protection of cultural rights. As the supreme guiding principle of Japanese cultural law legislation and implementation and evaluation, the cultural basic law concretely and programmatically provides for the principle of cultural rights in the Constitution. Give play to the function of the Cultural Constitution. In France, a sound and timely revision of the cultural legal system, so that citizens everywhere have equal rights to enjoy cultural life. The model of Finnish legislation in different cultural fields not only meets the different needs of cultural development and cultural protection in their respective fields, but also can more accurately and comprehensively protect the cultural rights of citizens. All these have profound enlightenment to the formation, operation and stability of our country's cultural legal system. The countermeasures to improve the protection of cultural rights of Chinese citizens are as follows: raising the legislative level of cultural rights, perfecting the legislative system of the protection of cultural rights in our country, and improving the present situation of imperfect cultural legislation system. To establish the cultural basic law, to construct the systematic legislative structure of cultural rights, to perfect the basic content of the legislation of cultural rights in China, to make up for the gaps in the legislation of related cultural rights, to promote the judicial relief of cultural rights and to protect the cultural rights of citizens in an all-round way.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.16

【相似文献】