地方性法规司法适用研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 17:40

本文选题：地方性法规 + 司法适用　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为我国重要的法律渊源之一,地方性法规不仅数量繁多、类别复杂,而且因其直接贴近地情民情和关及公民的权利和义务,故而在地方性事物的管理中发挥着不可替代的作用,构成了中国特色社会主义法律体系的重要组成部分。当前,我国地方性法规的司法适用存在“立法遗留之困境”与“实践存在之难题”。在“立法遗留之困境”中,“无法适用”的先天不足和“难以适用”的后天缺陷,使得“纸面上的法”与“行动上的法”存在某种程度上的相互背离甚至对立。在“实践存在之难题”中,围绕着地方性法规的司法适用,立法与司法展开了生动的互动。在“两难”处境中的法官通过其策略与技术的实践,缓和矛盾冲突,回避司法风险。基于国情社情等多种因素的考量,我国不宜简单照抄照搬西方“分权制衡”原理,走通过司法权规制立法权的老路。现阶段,我们应以审慎的态度,采取稳妥的进路:在地方性法规司法适用中,属于立法领域的问题应通过立法途径解决,属于司法领域的问题应通过司法途径解决。本文主要从以下两个方面展开:一是在理论方面,界定地方性法规司法适用的价值,揭示适用地方性法规的规范意义,探索地方性法规在司法适用中发挥能动性的路径并针对地方性法规的审查监督机制研究提供相应的借鉴。二是在法院实践方面,总结法院在审判实践中的做法,分析我国地方性法规适用的基本情况及地方性法规适用的突出问题,探讨目前法院适用地方性法规的问题的成因,并从提升司法技术的角度出发,探讨如何改进地方法院在审判中适用地方性法规的规则,为地方性法规司法适用提供经验与启示。文章分为五个部分:第一部分为引言,介绍了选题背景及意义、国内外研究现状的综述以及论文的写作思路和研究方法。第二部分介绍了地方性法规的法律地位、适用价值和地方性法规适用的基本原则,分析了地方性法规在人民法院审理案件法律适用中的地位。第三部分阐述了地方性法规的立法概况,以及在司法适用中的特点、问题和审判实践中适用地方性法规的形式以及在实践中地方性法规适用冲突的处理模式。第四部分针对地方性法规司法适用的突出问题及成因,论述了法官在审理具体案件,尤其是行政、民事纠纷时,当涉及到有关地方性法规的司法适用,面临“立法遗留之困境”与“实践存在之难题”的双重困难。第五部分分析了法官在地方性法规司法适用时的实践策略及其原因,并从司法、立法及两者互动的角度提出了解决地方性法规司法适用中有关问题的对策性建议。
[Abstract]:As one of the important sources of law in China, local laws and regulations are not only numerous in quantity and complicated in categories, but also because they are directly close to the local conditions and the people's feelings and the rights and obligations of citizens. Therefore, it plays an irreplaceable role in the management of local things and constitutes an important part of the legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. At present, the judicial application of local laws and regulations in our country has "the dilemma left by legislation" and "the difficult problem of practice". In the dilemma left over by legislation, the inherent deficiency of "unapplicability" and the acquired defect of "hard to apply" make the "law on paper" and "law on action" deviate from each other and even antagonize to some extent. In the difficult problem of practice, legislation and judicature interact vividly around the judicial application of local laws and regulations. In the dilemma, the judges abate the conflict and avoid the judicial risk through the practice of their tactics and techniques. Based on the consideration of various factors, such as national conditions and social conditions, China should not simply copy the principle of "separation of powers and checks and balances" in the west and follow the old way of regulating the legislative power through judicial power. At the present stage, we should take a prudent attitude and take a prudent approach: in the judicial application of local laws and regulations, the problems belonging to the legislative field should be solved through the legislative approach, and the problems in the judicial field should be solved through the judicial means. This paper mainly starts from the following two aspects: first, in theory, it defines the value of the judicial application of local laws and regulations, and reveals the normative significance of the application of local laws and regulations. This paper explores the active path of local laws and regulations in judicial application and provides some references for the study of the examination and supervision mechanism of local laws and regulations. Secondly, in the aspect of court practice, the author summarizes the practice of the court in trial practice, analyzes the basic situation of the application of local laws and regulations in China and the prominent problems in the application of local laws and regulations, and probes into the causes of the problems existing in the application of local laws and regulations by courts. From the point of view of improving judicial technology, this paper probes into how to improve the rules of applying local laws and regulations in the trial of local courts, so as to provide experience and inspiration for the judicial application of local laws and regulations. The article is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, which introduces the background and significance of the topic, the current situation of domestic and foreign research, and the writing ideas and research methods. The second part introduces the legal status of local laws and regulations, the applicable value and the basic principles of the application of local laws and regulations, and analyzes the status of local laws and regulations in the application of law in the trial of cases by the people's courts. The third part describes the legislative overview of local laws and regulations, as well as the characteristics in the judicial application, the problems and the form of local laws and regulations applied in trial practice, as well as the mode of handling the conflicts in the application of local laws and regulations in practice. The fourth part aims at the prominent problems and causes of judicial application of local laws and regulations, and discusses that when judges try specific cases, especially administrative and civil disputes, they should involve the judicial application of relevant local laws and regulations. Faced with the "dilemma left over by legislation" and "practical difficulties" dual difficulties. In the fifth part, the author analyzes the practical strategies and reasons of the judicial application of local laws and regulations, and puts forward some countermeasures to solve the problems in the judicial application of local laws and regulations from the angle of judicature, legislation and the interaction of the two.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D927

【参考文献】