行政法视域下个人信息的保护研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 08:28

本文选题：行政法 + 视域　；参考：《南昌大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来，随着我国市场经济、社会的发展、公民觉悟意识的提高，社会公众的需求“倒逼”政府及相关部门更加关注个人信息保护的问题，个人信息的行政法保护有所进展。但是，我国个人信息行政法保护的形势仍然不容乐观。以目前的情形来看，我国对个人信息的行政法保护主要是通过某些政府部门规章的形式进行调整的，这些部门规章规定立法层级较低，无法适应当前个人信息屡屡遭受侵害的现实需要。因为缺乏相应的统一法律，所以导致个人信息在行政法领域的保护范围难以进行界定。个人信息保护中存在的显著弊病是，公共部门对个人信息的收集缺乏规范。公共权力机构由于其掌握了大量的公权力，导致其在行政活动或者其他公共活动中为了维护社会公共利益，甚至为了达到一己之私利而违法收集和使用公民个人信息。某些行政机关为了在行政活动中“维护”自身的利益而收集和使用大量的公民个人信息，导致对公民的个人信息相关权益造成巨大的损害。与此同时，按照我国现行相关规定，非国家机关介入到公民个人信息等侵权行为也时有发生，在这方面的规定也大多数具有防御性、消极性，无法体现更高的效益。尤其是，，个人信息一旦被侵犯，其缺乏必要的救济途径，这是法律的缺陷与空白所导致的，亟待加以改进。和世界上其他发达国家的个人信息行政法保护的情况相较而言，我国的个人信息行政法保护还处于一个较低层次的水平，我国公民个人信息保护的法律法规还不够健全、不够完善。针对当前我国公民个人信息行政法保护中存在的缺陷与问题，本文提出了行政法视域下我国公民个人信息保护的对策路径：一是针对当前个人信息保护的法律较为分散的实际，制定出台《个人信息保护法》；二是针对目前对相关机构收集个人信息的程序不规范的实际，应对收集与利用个人信息进行严格的程序规制；三是针对当前监督管理缺位的现状，完善公民个人信息利用的监督管理法律体系；四是针对目前公民个人信息权遭受侵害而无法寻求救济的实际，健全完善救济制度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of the market economy, the development of the society and the improvement of the consciousness of the citizens, the demand of the public has pushed the government and the relevant departments to pay more attention to the protection of personal information, and the administrative law protection of personal information has made some progress. However, the situation of protection of personal information administrative law is still not optimistic. In the current situation, the administrative law protection of personal information in our country is mainly regulated by the regulations of certain government departments, which stipulate that the level of legislation is relatively low. Can not adapt to the current personal information repeatedly suffered violations of the reality of the needs. Due to the lack of uniform laws, it is difficult to define the scope of protection of personal information in the field of administrative law. The obvious drawback of personal information protection is the lack of standardization in the collection of personal information in the public sector. Because the public authority has a large amount of public power, it collects and uses citizens' personal information illegally in administrative activities or other public activities in order to safeguard the public interests, and even to achieve their own private interests. In order to "safeguard" their own interests in administrative activities, some administrative organs collect and use a large amount of personal information of citizens, which results in great damage to citizens' rights and interests related to personal information. At the same time, according to the current relevant provisions of our country, non-state organs intervene in the civil personal information and other tort acts also occur from time to time. Most of the provisions in this respect are defensive, negative, unable to reflect higher benefits. Especially, once personal information is infringed, it lacks the necessary remedy, which is caused by the defect and blank of law, and needs to be improved urgently. Compared with the protection of personal information administrative law in other developed countries in the world, the protection of personal information administrative law in our country is still at a lower level, and the laws and regulations of personal information protection of Chinese citizens are not perfect enough. Not perfect enough. In view of the defects and problems existing in the protection of citizen's personal information in administrative law, this paper puts forward the countermeasures for the protection of personal information in China from the perspective of administrative law: firstly, it aims at the scattered law of the protection of personal information. To formulate and issue the personal Information Protection Law; second, to strictly regulate the collection and utilization of personal information in view of the fact that the procedures for collecting personal information by relevant institutions are not standardized; and third, to address the current situation of the absence of supervision and management. The fourth is to perfect the relief system in view of the fact that the citizen's personal information right has been infringed and cannot seek remedy.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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