农村土地“三权分置”的法律制度构造

发布时间：2018-05-17 03:35

本文选题：土地法学 + 三权分置　；参考：《农村经济》2017年10期

【摘要】：农村土地"三权分置"是经济学主导农村土地改革政策的形象表述,该学说能很好解释实践中农地流转现象。但经济学界对于"三权分置"实施可行性的解释,主要以西方产权理论为基础,以权能分离理论为指导思想。这种经济学逻辑并不符合当前的法律逻辑。法学界针对经济学界权能分离理论的"三权分置"展开了批判,提出承包权与经营权分离,事实上是对农地所有权用益权能的再分割,有悖所有权的整体性特征。但法学界"基于文本寻找解释"的研究思路,决定了其无法对现实当中大量存在的违背规范性土地承包、农地流转的现象做出解释。在分析经济学和法学关于农村土地"三权分置"政策的理论解读的基础上,设定土地承包权为成员权,创设具有物权效力的土地经营权取代原土地承包经营权,这种土地产权制度符合物权分离逻辑,能够在法权构造上自洽,在立法技术和修法成本上具有优势。
[Abstract]:The "three rights division" of rural land is the image expression of the rural land reform policy led by economics, and this theory can explain the phenomenon of agricultural land circulation in practice. However, the explanation of the feasibility of the implementation of the "three power separation" in the field of economics is mainly based on the western theory of property rights and the theory of separation of power as the guiding ideology. This economic logic does not conform to the current legal logic. In the view of the theory of separation of power and power in the field of economics, the field of law criticizes the separation of the right of contract from the right of management, which is in fact a redivision of the power of use of interest in the ownership of agricultural land, which is contrary to the overall characteristics of ownership. However, the research idea of "looking for interpretation based on text" in the field of law decides that it can not explain the phenomenon of violating the norm of land contract and transferring farmland in reality. On the basis of analyzing the theoretical interpretation of the policy of "three rights separation" of rural land in economics and law, the author establishes the land contract right as the member right, and creates the land management right with real right effect to replace the original land contract management right. This kind of land property right system accords with the logic of property right separation, and can accord with itself in the legal right construction, and has the advantage in the legislative technology and the cost of amending the law.
【作者单位】：浙江大学公共管理学院;南京农业大学土地管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“促进区域协调发展的差别化土地调控政策研究”(编号:13AZD012)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D922.32

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