论我国听证制度中公众参与机制的完善

发布时间：2018-05-28 17:33

本文选题：听证制度 + 公众参与　；参考：《四川师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在听证过程中，公众参与发挥着重要作用。参与式民主是一种表达民意的方式。它既是民众诉求表达的途径，也是公众参与国家事务管理一种体现形式。参与式民主可以促进公民个人及社会群体参与社会事务的积极性，已成为实现人民行使当家作主权力的一种重要形式。本题所研究的听证制度中的公众参与，也是参与式民主的一部分。公众参与听证过程是实现公民监督政府的宪法权利、促进政府由统治转变为治理的重要途径，是人民当家做主的实质所在。近年来，随着行政公开化的推动，我国在公众参与听证制度方面进行了有益的探索，取得了一定的进步。本文以我国在听证制度下的公众参与机制为研究对象，辅以美国和德国在听证制度中公众参与的现状分析，探索完善公众参与机制的途径，寻求可行性方案，从而推动听证制度下公众参与的长足发展。为今后这一领域的相关法学研究提供了科学建议，这对于我国听证制度的发展和公众参与机制的建设，具有重要的现实意义。本文采取比较研究和实证研究的方法，借鉴国内外学者的已有研究成果和他国的具体实施规范，通过对实际案例的分析，，对我国如何完善公众参与机制做了比较详细的论述。以该课题下行政机构任职人员对公众参与的重视程度，对法律精神的贯彻，以及是否能够引入第三方机构对听证制度下公众参与过程做监督为创新点，在文章第五部分关于解决当下公众参与听证制度所存在的问题的措施中进行了阐述。文章的大致结构如下：首先在引言部分对选题理由做了说明。选择这个题目的原因是在当前社会中公众参与社会事务的积极性越来越高，公民普遍的法律意识有了一定程度的提升，并且已经懂得使用法律武器维护自己的合法权益这样的社会大背景下，结合攻读硕士学位阶段所学行政法学的知识，萌发了对听证制度下的公众参与机制做研究的想法。文章的第二部分对听证制度和公众参与理论作了介绍。阐述了听证制度的价值、程序内容等，结合美国和我国一些学者对公众参与理论的理解和释义，说明了在听证制度下增加公众参与的必要性。第三部分列举了美国和德国在听证制度下公众参与机制的实践，结合这两个国家公众参与的案例，分别分析了两国法律法规中对公众参与理论的具体规定和表现，并总结了对我国听证制度下完善公众参与机制的启示。在第四部分中指出了我国听证制度中公众参与机制存在的一些问题，例如公众参与意识在整体水平上显得比较薄弱，我国的法律法规并没有明确规定公众参与部分的内容，现有的实践经验大多都是在实际工作中积累出来的，对于参加听证的代表的资格审查和选拔标准不太具有规范性和科学性等问题。第五部分在第四部分分析问题的基础上，论述了如何完善听证制度中公众参与机制并提出解决方案。在结语部分，对全文的中心内容和笔者要表达的观点进行了总结。希望能够为这一领域内的法学研究尽绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:In the process of hearing, public participation plays an important role. Participatory democracy is a way of expressing public opinion. It is not only a way of expressing public opinion, but also a manifestation of public participation in the management of state affairs. Participatory democracy can promote the enthusiasm of citizens and social groups to participate in social affairs, and has become the realization of the people. The public participation in the hearing system studied in this thesis is also a part of participatory democracy.
The public participation in the hearing process is an important way to realize the constitutional right of the citizens to supervise the government and to promote the transformation of the government from rule to governance. It is the essence of the people's ownership. In recent years, with the promotion of administrative openness, our country has made beneficial exploration in the public participation in hearing system and made certain progress. This article is based on me The public participation mechanism under the hearing system is the research object, with the analysis of the status quo of the public participation in the hearing system of the United States and Germany, exploring the ways to improve the public participation mechanism and seeking the feasibility plan, thus promoting the rapid development of public participation under the hearing system. It provides a scientific research for the related legal research in this field. It is of great practical significance to the development of the hearing system and the construction of public participation mechanism in China.
In this paper, a comparative study and an empirical study are adopted to draw on the existing research results of domestic and foreign scholars and the specific implementation norms of other countries. Through the analysis of the actual cases, the paper makes a more detailed discussion on how to improve the public participation mechanism in China. The implementation of the spirit, and whether it is possible to introduce the third party organizations to the public participation process under the hearing system as an innovation point, in the fifth part of the article on solving the problems existing in the public participation in the hearing system, the general structure of the article is as follows: first of all in the introduction part of the reasons for the topic of the topic are said. The reason is that the reason for choosing this topic is that the public participation in social affairs is more and more active in the current society, the universal legal consciousness of the citizens has been promoted to a certain extent, and it has already understood the social background of the use of legal weapons to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and to study the administrative jurisprudence studied in the stage of studying the master's degree. Knowledge has sprouted the idea of doing research on public participation mechanism under the hearing system. The second part of the article introduced the hearing system and the theory of public participation, expounded the value of the hearing system, the content of the procedure and so on, and explained the increase of the hearing system combined with the understanding and interpretation of the theory of public participation in the United States and some Chinese scholars. The third part enumerates the practice of the public participation mechanism under the hearing system of the United States and Germany, combined with the cases of the two countries' public participation, analyzes the specific provisions and performance of the public participation theory in the two countries' laws and regulations, and summarizes the initiation of the public participation mechanism under the hearing system of our country. In the fourth part, it points out some problems in the public participation mechanism in our hearing system, for example, the public participation consciousness is relatively weak on the whole level, and the laws and regulations of our country do not specify the content of the public participation, and the existing practical experience has been accumulated in the actual work. The qualification examination and selection criteria for the representative of the hearing are not very normative and scientific. The fifth part, on the basis of the analysis of the fourth part, discusses how to improve the public participation mechanism in the hearing system and put forward solutions. In the concluding part, the content of the full text and the views I have to be expressed in the full text are carried out. Hope to be able to contribute to the field of jurisprudence in this field.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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