行政行为说明理由研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 12:02

本文选题：行政行为 + 说明理由　；参考：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：行政行为说明理由是指行政主体在作出行政行为时,对相对人或者利害关系人的权益产生不利影响的,除法律特别规定外,均应当向相对人或利害关系人说明作出该行政行为的事实因素,法律依据及裁量因素的考量。文中从说明理由的概念、范围、例外、方式、内容、要求等多个角度探讨了行政行为说明理由制度的完善路径,并穿插比较域外关于行政行为说明理由的规定,希望对我国的行政行为说明理由制度发展有所裨益。针对完善说明理由制度,行政程序方面,由全国人大制定一部统一的行政程序法作为顶层设计,再针对各个领域有行政单行法等作为补充和具体操作,是一条能够完善我国社会主义法制体系并适应国情的路径选择。在说明理由范围方面,认为抽象行政行为暂且无需说明理由,目前应当限定于具体行政行为之中,并且对于接受相对人申请的授益性行政行为,大量同类自动化行政行为,紧急事件,涉及国家秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私的行政行为和有关资格考试测试的评定行为等应该作不说明理由或延迟说明理由的特殊规定。说明理由应当于行政行为作出之前或同时作出,内容主要包含事实依据,法律依据和裁量理由。在救济方面,行政行为说明理由瑕疵主要包含“没有说明理由”、“说明理由不足”、“说明理由违法”和“说明理由不当”四种类型。对于说明理由瑕疵的救济,行政主体自身可以通过补正替换的手段追加理由或替换理由;行政复议机关可以根据情况作出撤销决定、确认违法决定和变更决定;法院依据证据材料可以作出撤销判决,2014年制定的《行政诉讼法》有独特的亮点,可以根据具体案情,灵活运用撤销判决和确认违法判决,以减少行政成本和当事人的讼累。最后于附录部分,以该篇文章内容作为依托,草拟一份行政程序法说明理由部分试拟稿,期以能够拓展文章的实践意义。
[Abstract]:The explanation of an administrative act means that when the administrative subject makes an administrative act, it has a negative impact on the rights and interests of the relative party or the interested party, except as otherwise specified by law, The facts, legal basis and discretion of the administrative act shall be explained to the relative party or interested party. This paper discusses the perfect path of the system of explaining the reason of administrative act from the concept, scope, exception, method, content, requirement and so on of explaining the reason of the administrative act, and intersperses the provisions on the explanation of the reason of the administrative act outside the country. It is hoped that it will benefit the development of the system of explaining the reasons for the administrative action in our country. In order to improve the system of explanation of reasons and administrative procedures, the National people's Congress shall formulate a unified administrative procedure law as the top-level design, and then use the administrative law in various fields as a supplement and specific operation. It is a path choice that can perfect our socialist legal system and adapt to the national conditions. In terms of the scope of explanation, it is considered that abstract administrative acts do not need to explain the reasons for the time being, and should be limited to specific administrative acts at present, and a large number of similar automated administrative acts should be used to accept the application of relative parties for beneficial administrative acts. Emergencies, administrative acts involving state secrets, trade secrets and personal privacy, and assessment of qualification tests, etc., should be subject to special provisions for unjustified or delayed justification. The explanation should be made before or at the same time, and the content mainly includes the factual basis, the legal basis and the discretion reason. In the aspect of relief, the defects of the explanation of administrative act mainly include four types: "no explanation reason", "insufficient explanation reason", "illegal explanation reason" and "improper explanation reason". As for the relief of the defect of explanation, the administrative body itself can add the reason or the reason of replacement by means of correcting and replacing; the administrative reconsideration organ may make the decision of rescission, confirm the decision of breaking the law and change the decision according to the situation; According to evidence materials, court can make annulment judgment, and the Administrative procedure Law made in 2014 has a unique bright spot. It can flexibly use annulment judgment and confirm illegal judgment according to the specific case, in order to reduce administrative cost and litigant's litigation burden. Finally, in the appendix part, based on the content of the article, the author draws up an administrative procedure law to explain the reasons part of the draft, in order to expand the practical significance of the article.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1

【相似文献】