论我国劳动法中惩罚性赔偿制度的完善

发布时间：2018-06-16 06:47

本文选题：劳动法 + 惩罚性赔偿　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着社会经济和文明的发展,用人单位与劳动者之间的关系得到不断的磨合,社会整体的工业安全形势向好的方向发展,但是各种安全事故造成的损害的数据表明形势并不容乐观,仍然需要加强关注。惩罚性赔偿责任与传统民事责任不同,它违反了民事责任的公平、平等原则,而且它是针对具有社会危害性的行为的一种处罚方式,这种危害行为包括了个体与社会的整体利益,而经济法保护的就是个体与社会整体的增量利益,因此惩罚性赔偿具有经济法属性。惩罚性赔偿因其特殊的属性与功能在我国法律制度上得到进一步的适用,并且是劳动法领域的一项重要的制度,对于解决我国目前的安全生产形势恶劣与人力资本急需保护的现状问题具有重要意义。惩罚性赔偿在劳动法领域虽然有所体现,但是有些条款所涉及到的惩罚性赔偿也只是在适用上的规定,并没有系统的制度性的规定。因此也就产生了一系列的问题,从实体法上看:没有将劳动者的生命健康纳入到赔偿范围,赔偿金的规定也不具有合理性与威慑性;从程序法上看:行政机关处理前置增加了劳动者的诉累,证明责任和证明标准完全采取适用民事诉讼程序的要求。惩罚性赔偿制度对于我国人力资本的保护和经济持续的发展具有重要意义。在劳动法中将惩罚性赔偿进行制度性确定更有助于其功能的发挥,主要表现在:在实体法上明确惩罚性赔偿的独立的请求权、进一步扩大适用范围到劳动者的生命健康方面、充分考虑用人单位的加害行为以及相关主体的补偿这两个方面来完善惩罚性赔偿金的范围、明确赔偿金数额的参考因素来完善赔偿金数额的确定;在程序法上:取消劳动行政部门的责令程序,直接赋予劳动者诉权、采取责任倒置的规则同时注意结合运用几种不同的证明责任形式、完善惩罚性赔偿的特殊的证明标准,结合我国的国情采取折中的“清晰且具有说服力”证明标准。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy and civilization, the relationship between the employer and the laborer has been unceasing running-in, and the overall industrial safety situation of the society is developing in a good direction. But the data on the damage caused by all kinds of safety accidents suggest that the situation is not optimistic and need to be paid more attention. Punitive liability is different from traditional civil liability. It violates the principle of fairness and equality of civil liability, and it is a punishment for socially harmful behavior. This kind of harm behavior includes the whole benefit of individual and society, and the economic law protects the increment benefit of individual and society as a whole, so punitive damages has the attribute of economic law. Punitive damages, because of its special attributes and functions, have been further applied in the legal system of our country, and it is an important system in the field of labor law. It is of great significance to solve the problem of bad production safety situation and human capital in urgent need of protection in our country. Although punitive damages are embodied in the field of labor law, some provisions involve punitive damages only in the application of the provisions, and there is no systematic system of provisions. Therefore, there are a series of problems, from the perspective of substantive law: the life and health of workers have not been brought into the scope of compensation, and the provisions of compensation are not reasonable and deterrent; From the point of view of procedural law: administrative organs deal with the former increase the laborer's burden of action, the burden of proof and the standard of proof completely adopt the requirement of applying civil procedure. Punitive damages system is of great significance to the protection of human capital and the sustainable development of economy. The institutional determination of punitive damages in the labor law is more helpful to play its functions, mainly in the following aspects: clarifying the independent claim right of punitive damages in substantive law, further expanding the scope of application to the life and health of workers, The scope of punitive damages should be improved by considering the harm behavior of the employing unit and the compensation of the relevant subjects, and the reference factors of the amount of compensation should be defined to perfect the determination of the amount of the damages. In the procedural law: cancel the order procedure of the labor administrative department, directly endow the laborer with the right of action, adopt the rule of responsibility inversion and pay attention to the use of several different forms of burden of proof, and perfect the special proof standard of punitive damages. According to the situation of our country, the standard of "clear and persuasive" proof should be adopted.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.5

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