跨行政区水污染治理法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 19:11

  本文选题：跨行政区 + 水污染　； 参考：《武汉大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：我国已经有了相对水污染控制的法制体系,跨行政区水环境污染却依然是普遍存在现象。本文从环境法治的视角审视跨行政区的水污染现象,认为基本的法律原因是财产权结构与宪政结构的不完善,只有从财产权制度和宪政体制入手,才能从根本上建立起完善的跨行政区水污染的法制。 文章认为跨行政区的水环境以及法制都是公共物品,传统的政府单一中心提供这两类公共物品都显得不足。在政府也是理性人组成的理性组织的情况下,跨行政区的政府之间的理性博弈依然不能自发地达成集体行动的效益最大化。因此,需要借助治理理论,从单中心治理向多中心治理转变,充分发挥市场和社会的作用。文章重点从法律制度建设的视角讨论了政府之间的合作关系和公众参与环境治理。 本文以我国现有的跨行政区水污染法制的现状为基础,借鉴了经济学有关外部性的分析逻辑,尝试着构建了类似的法律分析框架,指出导致现有法律失灵的基本原因是责任不明确,缺乏应有的追责机制。因此,制度建设的关键步骤是建立政府责任的可审性及违法责任的监督与追究机制,重点是启动社会的力量,赋予公众参与环境治理的权利。 文章在介绍了国际国外跨区域的公共治理的经验的基础上,结合我国的实际,在对策上给出了完善环境产权制度、将现有的各地自发的政府间合作模式制度化的建议,以及公众通过公益诉讼参与环境治理的制度建设的建议。前者重点指出要建立《地方政府合作关系法》,将现有的政府和干部考核制度法制化,明确环境质量的约束条件。后者重点指出要培育环境保护组织,加强能力建设,提供环境公益诉讼的约束与激励机制。
[Abstract]:Our country already has the relative water pollution control legal system, but the cross-administrative district water environment pollution is still the universal phenomenon. This paper examines the phenomenon of water pollution in cross-administrative regions from the perspective of environmental rule of law, and holds that the basic legal reason is the imperfection of the structure of property rights and constitutionalism, only from the property right system and constitutional system. In order to fundamentally establish a sound cross-administrative water pollution legal system. The article holds that the water environment and the legal system are public goods, and the traditional government single center provides these two kinds of public goods. Under the condition that the government is also a rational organization composed of rational people, the rational game between the governments of different administrative regions can not reach the maximum benefit of collective action spontaneously. Therefore, we need to make use of the theory of governance, from single center governance to polycentric governance, and give full play to the role of market and society. This paper discusses the cooperative relationship between governments and public participation in environmental governance from the perspective of legal system construction. Based on the current situation of cross-administrative water pollution law in our country, and drawing on the external logic of economics, this paper tries to construct a similar legal analysis framework. It is pointed out that the basic reason for the failure of the existing law is the unclear responsibility and the lack of proper accountability mechanism. Therefore, the key step of the system construction is to establish the mechanism of the government responsibility and the supervision and investigation of the illegal responsibility. The emphasis is to start the social power and give the public the right to participate in the environmental governance. On the basis of introducing the international and foreign experience of cross-regional public governance, combined with the reality of our country, the paper gives some suggestions on how to perfect the system of environmental property right and institutionalize the existing spontaneous intergovernmental cooperation model. And the public through public interest litigation to participate in environmental governance system construction proposals. The former emphatically points out that it is necessary to establish "Law of Local Government Cooperative Relations", legalize the existing examination system of government and cadres, and clarify the restrictive conditions of environmental quality. The latter points out that it is necessary to cultivate environmental protection organizations, strengthen capacity building, and provide restraint and incentive mechanism for environmental public interest litigation.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.6
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本文编号：2079051