论行政协议中行政相对人的权利救济

发布时间：2018-07-03 04:30

本文选题：行政协议 + 行政相对人　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：行政协议作为一种帮助政府管理国家的手段在现代被广泛的运用。与传统的民事协议相比,其出现的时间以及发展的过程都短于或者滞后于社会发展的需要。随着我国政府法治化的发展,行政理念也发生了很大的变化。政府职能开始从管理型政府到服务型政府的转变,随之而来的是大量行政协议的出现。然而行政协议虽然早已广泛的实践,但是由于其本身性质的特殊性,关于行政协议的理论和立法仍然争议不断,至今未达到统一的认识。行政协议是现代行政管理中重要的组成方式,同时它也是政府行政管理权和协议关系的结合。作为一种新型的管理手段,它更好的体现了现代行政民主的思想,合作、包容以及非强制的特性,从产生以来在世界范围内就获得了极大的发展和应用。一方面,它的出现打破了对于合同仅属于私法领域的单纯认识,另一方面,它也体现了现代私法领域与公法领域之间相互渗透、相互融合的发展趋势。行政协议中行政主体享有许多实体上的权利,其存在是为了实现一定的行政管理的目的,达到维护社会公共利益的要求。只有行政协议当事人一方的行政主体所享有的,具有一定的强制性并优先于合同相对人的权力,又可称为行政优益权、行政优先权。行政优益性使的行政相对方处于不对等的地位,这种弱者地位使得其权益很容易受到侵害,现行的《行政诉讼法》中加入了对政府处罚的制度并且对行政相对人的合法权益采取事前保护措施,尽可能避免会对当事人造成的损害,使对行政相对人的保护提高到一个新的水平。但是在实践中行政相对人的权利仍然会受到行政主体的侵害,因此事后的救济制度仍然必不可少。文章通过对三个典型行政协议案例的分析,提出实践中我国对于行政协议相对人权利保护存在的问题。然后针对这些问题,提出完善的解决方法。在文中第三部分提倡确立惩罚性赔偿制度以及赋予相对人程序对抗权来达到保护相对人利益、权利互相制约的目的。最后在文章的尾段,我通过对比调解制度与现行行政纠纷的解决途径,认为调解制度的引入更有助于问题的解决和当事人权益的保护。
[Abstract]:Administrative agreement is widely used in modern times as a means to help the government manage the country. Compared with the traditional civil agreement, its emergence time and development process are shorter than or lag behind the needs of social development. With the development of our government's rule of law, the concept of administration has also changed a lot. The function of government began to change from management government to service government, followed by the emergence of a large number of administrative agreements. However, although the administrative agreement has long been widely practiced, due to its own particularity, the theory and legislation of administrative agreement are still controversial, so far it has not reached a unified understanding. Administrative agreement is an important form of modern administration, and it is also the combination of administrative power and agreement. As a new management means, it better reflects the modern administrative democracy thought, cooperation, tolerance and non-mandatory characteristics, since its emergence in the world has been a great development and application. On the one hand, it breaks the simple understanding that the contract belongs to the field of private law, on the other hand, it also reflects the trend of mutual penetration and integration between the field of modern private law and the field of public law. In the administrative agreement, the administrative subject enjoys many substantive rights, and its existence is to achieve the purpose of certain administration and to meet the requirements of safeguarding the social and public interests. Only the administrative subject of a party to an administrative agreement has a certain degree of compulsion and takes precedence over the power of the counterpart of the contract, which can also be called the administrative superior interest right and administrative priority. The administrative advantage makes the relative party of administration in an unequal position, which makes its rights and interests vulnerable to infringement. The current Administrative Litigation Law adds a system of punishment to the government and takes prior measures to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the administrative counterpart, so as to avoid, as far as possible, the harm that will be caused to the parties. So that the protection of the administrative counterpart to a new level. However, in practice, the rights of administrative counterpart will still be infringed by the administrative subject, so the relief system after the event is still necessary. Based on the analysis of three typical cases of administrative agreement, this paper puts forward the problems in the protection of the rights of the counterpart of administrative agreement in our country in practice. Then, in view of these problems, put forward the perfect solution. In the third part, the author advocates the establishment of punitive damages system and the right of countervailing procedure to protect the interests of the counterpart and restrict the rights of each other. Finally, at the end of the article, by comparing the mediation system with the existing administrative dispute settlement, I think that the introduction of mediation system is more conducive to the solution of problems and the protection of the rights and interests of the parties.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1

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