论我国弱势群体的行政法保护

发布时间：2018-07-21 09:06

【摘要】：随着改革开放序幕的拉开,市场经济体制逐渐得以确立,在此期间所伴随的不仅仅是国民经济的迅猛发展,还包括了社会结构的重塑性调整以及利益格局的巨大改变。在这一转型阶段,部分社会群体之利益遭受到极大的损害,产生了所谓的弱势群体问题。更严重的是,弱势群体在规模上以及程度上呈现出进一步恶化的趋势,已经对深化改革构成严重障碍,对社会的稳定与繁荣构成严重威胁。对我国而言,弱势群体保护问题已经成为当今社会亟待解决的突出问题,已经引起了社会各界的广泛关注。但是,由于弱势群体概念的学科交叉性与外延的复杂性,常常难以准确定位,更难以谈及周延保护。加之相关理论依据的不清与现实依据的不明,本应在现阶段行政承担重要责任的行政法常常被人们忽视,或未引起足足够重视。加之现有制度仍存在一定弊端,串联性、过渡性以及承接性机制仍停留于口号、理念层面,以致于这一问题相当长阶段内呈现出恶化趋势。本文试图在明确弱势群体概念的基础上,明晰弱势群体行政法保护的理论与现实依据,并思考完善现有制度、创新应有制度的方略。本文一共分为四部分。第一部分为是弱势群体的概念界定,通过追溯国外最早提出的“弱势群体”概念,在交叉学科的基础上比较国内相关定义以明确弱势群体的定义,并在梳理弱势群体分类的基础上制定相对灵活严谨的外延界定标准。第二部分从现实主导性、优势等角度阐述了弱势群体行政法保护的应然性。第三部分则从理论层面分析弱势行政法保护的依据,并从现实层面介绍了弱势群体行政法保护的现状,通过明确其中的不足之处逐渐梳理出完善行政给付制度、构建社会保障帮扶体系两条主线。第四部分首先明确了尝试政府与社会“两条腿”走路过程中所应遵循基本原则理念,随后分别针对行政给付制度的完善,以及社会帮扶机制的构建进行了一些尝试性思考。
[Abstract]:With the opening of the reform and opening up, the market economy system has been gradually established. During this period, not only the rapid development of the national economy, but also the restructuring of the social structure and great changes in the pattern of interests. In this transition period, the interests of some social groups suffered great damage, resulting in the so-called vulnerable groups. More seriously, the vulnerable groups have shown a trend of further deterioration in scale and extent, which has already constituted a serious obstacle to deepening reform and posed a serious threat to social stability and prosperity. For our country, the protection of vulnerable groups has become a prominent problem that needs to be solved, and has attracted wide attention from all walks of life. However, due to the complexity of the subject intersection and extension of the concept of vulnerable groups, it is often difficult to locate accurately and even more difficult to talk about circumference protection. In addition, the relevant theoretical basis is unclear and the realistic basis is unclear, so the administrative law, which should bear the important responsibility at the present stage, is often ignored by people, or has not attracted enough attention. In addition, there are still some drawbacks in the existing system, such as series, transition and acceptance mechanism, which still remain at the slogan level and the concept level, so that the problem presents a worsening trend in a long period of time. On the basis of defining the concept of vulnerable groups, this paper attempts to clarify the theoretical and practical basis of the protection of administrative law for vulnerable groups, and to think about how to perfect the existing system and innovate the existing system. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is the definition of the vulnerable group. By tracing the concept of "vulnerable group" put forward by foreign countries, the author compares the relevant domestic definitions on the basis of interdiscipline to clarify the definition of the vulnerable group. And on the basis of combing the classification of vulnerable groups, it makes a relatively flexible and rigorous extension definition standard. The second part expounds the nature of the protection of administrative law of vulnerable groups from the angle of reality leading and advantage. The third part analyzes the basis of the protection of the weak administrative law from the theoretical level, and introduces the current situation of the protection of the administrative law of the vulnerable groups from the practical level. Build social security help system two main lines. The fourth part firstly clarifies the basic principle idea which should be followed in the process of trying the government and the society "two legs", and then carries on some tentative thoughts on the perfection of the administrative payment system and the construction of the social help mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

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