我国集体土地流转制度研究

发布时间：2018-07-24 16:38

【摘要】：土地资源对我国发展具有不可替代的作用。它是促进社会经济发展、维持农村稳定的根本性条件。建国以来，我国进行了一系列土地制度改革，集体土地使用权制度也得以确立并且不断发展。但随着经济发展和资源保护要求的提高，现行流转制度缺陷慢慢显现：补偿水平偏低、保障不健全的土地征收制度，引发了严重的社会矛盾；法律对土地承包经营权的流转主体、流转方式限制过多，不适应市场发展要求；集体建设用地使用权（包括宅基地使用权）纷纷进入市场，私自流转带来了大量的土地争议与争端；相关配套制度及机制不健全更加导致集体土地使用权流转不畅。这些土地问题，只有通过进一步的集体土地使用权制度改革才能得以解决。从2004年起，，党中央已连续十年发布一号文件，把“三农”问题做为国家工作的核心。在2014年《关于全面深化农村改革加快推进农业现代化的若干意见》中，国家提出要深化农村土地制度改革，重点包括：完善农村土地承包政策，抓紧抓实农村土地承包经营权确权登记颁证工作；引导和规范农村集体经营性建设用地入市；完善农村宅基地管理制度；加快推进征地制度改革。由此可见，集体土地使用权流转制度改革势在必行。本文针对以上土地问题，从土地的资源性质着眼，通过比较总结我国相关法律政策和各地试点经验以及国外相关土地征收制度的有益借鉴，重点对改革集体土地征收制度、土地承包经营权入股、抵押制度、集体建设用地使用权入市等制度进行探索，并为完善相关配套制度及机制做出构想。
[Abstract]:Land resources play an irreplaceable role in the development of our country. It is a fundamental condition for promoting social and economic development and maintaining rural stability. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, a series of land system reforms have been carried out, and the system of collective land use right has been established and developed continuously. However, with the development of economy and the improvement of resource protection, the defects of the current circulation system appear slowly: the compensation level is on the low side and the land expropriation system is not perfect, which leads to serious social contradictions; The law restricts the circulation of the land contractual management right too much and does not meet the requirements of market development. The right to use collective construction land (including the right to use homestead) enters the market one after another. Private circulation has brought a large number of land disputes and disputes; related supporting systems and mechanisms are not perfect resulting in the circulation of collective land use rights is not smooth. These land problems can only be solved through further reform of collective land use right system. Since 2004, the CPC Central Committee has issued document No. 1 for ten consecutive years, regarding the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers as the core of national work. In 2014, "several opinions on comprehensively deepening Rural Reform and speeding up Agricultural Modernization", the state proposed to deepen the reform of rural land system, the key points of which include: perfecting the policy of rural land contracting, We should pay close attention to the registration and certification of the right to contract management of rural land; guide and standardize the entry of rural collective management land into the market; improve the management system of rural homestead; and speed up the reform of land requisition system. Thus, collective land use right circulation system reform is imperative. In view of the above land problems, this paper focuses on the reform of collective land expropriation system by comparing and summarizing the relevant laws and policies of our country, the experiences of pilot projects in various places and the beneficial reference of foreign land expropriation systems. This paper probes into the system of land contract management right, mortgage system, collective construction land use right and so on, and makes the conception for perfecting the relevant supporting system and mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄经济学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.3;D923.2

【参考文献】