澳大利亚媒体法保障表达自由研究
发布时间：2018-08-17 08:54
【摘要】：媒体法是一个国家对新闻媒体传播行为所实施的法律规范,其目的是保障新闻媒体的表达自由权,而这是通过构建表达自由权与社会其他主体权利之间的平衡和对权利的兼顾来实现的,在这里既包括对表达自由权的保护,也包括对此权利的制约、防止权利的滥用两个层面。与制定成文媒体法的国家不同,澳大利亚媒体法不是单一的法律文件,在法律实践的过程中主要是通过由立法程序颁布的成文法和法院判例保障媒体表达自由的权利,是涉及多个法律文件的众多成文法规范以及普通法的集合体。澳大利亚媒体法在继承英国法律体系和原则的同时也展现出自己的立法特色和本地化内涵,并成为许多西方国家以及广大发展中国家借鉴的典范之一。由于澳大利亚媒体法所涵盖的范围十分广泛,本文选取了最有代表性的宪法、信息自由法、禁载性规定、诽谤法、隐私法五个方面从表达自由权与国家、社会和个人权利的关系上考察媒体法对表达自由的保障,以期从整体上把握澳大利亚媒体法的法律原则和总体脉络。澳大利亚的政治体制和法律制度在很大程度上是对英国和美国体制的继承和借鉴,而这是澳大利亚媒体法形成的重要基础。宪法是一个国家的根本大法,往往对表达自由权进行了规定和阐释,表现出一个国家对表达自由的基本认识和理解,尽管澳大利亚宪法对保障表达自由没有做出明确规定,但在法律实践中则通过相关宪法判例对媒体表达自由予以保护和限制,这种潜在性宪法权利受到英国表达自由思想以及国际法的影响。从国家层面来说,信息自由法对保护知情权与维护国家信息安全的关系进行了界定,是媒体与国家关系中最为重要的方面,是知情权得到保障的重要法律,澳大利亚信息自由法对知情权的保护和限制问题进行了较为详细的规定,具有很强的可操作性。从社会层面来讲,任何活动都要以维护公众利益、社会公德为基础,一些禁载性规定在规范抗辩事由保护表达自由权的同时,对媒体的传播内容进行了规制,其中禁止种族歧视、禁止亵渎宗教、禁止淫秽色情内容的传播是最为典型的方面,澳大利亚有关的禁载性规定对这三个方面进行了详细的阐释,在与英国的比较中体现出更为合理的法律精神。名誉权和隐私权被认为是重要的人格权利予以保护,但是在一些情况下会与表达自由权产生矛盾与冲突,澳大利亚诽谤法对诽谤事件的认定、诽谤诉讼的诉前调解以及抗辩事由等问题进行了法律规制,澳大利亚隐私法对个人隐私权的保护以及媒体侵犯隐私和对侵犯隐私指控的抗辩等问题进行了法律阐释,通过对这两种法律的分析,以期从媒体与个人权利的关系上把握澳大利亚媒体法的理解与特征。比较研究方法的采用将澳大利亚媒体法相关问题与英国和美国进行了对比性观照,以加深对澳大利亚媒体法的研究深度和总体把握。
[Abstract]:The media law is a legal norm that a country implements for the conduct of news media dissemination. Its purpose is to protect the right of freedom of expression of the news media. This is achieved by building a balance between the right of freedom of expression and the rights of other subjects in society and giving consideration to the rights. Here it includes the protection of the right of freedom of expression as well as the protection of the right to freedom of expression. Different from the countries that have enacted statutory media laws, Australian media law is not a single legal document. In the process of legal practice, the right to freedom of expression of the media is guaranteed mainly through statutory laws promulgated by legislative procedures and court precedents. It involves many legal documents. The Australian Media Law has not only inherited the British legal system and principles, but also displayed its own legislative characteristics and localization connotation. It has become one of the models for many western countries and developing countries to draw lessons from. This paper chooses the most representative constitution, freedom of information law, prohibitive provisions, libel law and privacy law to examine the protection of freedom of expression in media law from the relationship between freedom of expression and state, society and individual rights in order to grasp the legal principles and overall context of Australian media law as a whole. The Constitution is the fundamental law of a country, which often prescribes and interprets the right to freedom of expression, showing a country's basic understanding and understanding of freedom of expression, although Australia does. The sub-constitution does not explicitly stipulate the protection of freedom of expression, but in legal practice it protects and restricts the freedom of expression of the media through relevant constitutional precedents. This potential constitutional right is influenced by the ideas of freedom of expression in Britain and international law. From the national level, the freedom of information law protects the right to know and safeguards the state. The relationship between information security is defined as the most important aspect of the relationship between the media and the state. It is also an important law to guarantee the right to know. The Australian Freedom of Information Act provides in detail the protection and restriction of the right to know. It is very maneuverable. The public interest, social morality as the basis, some prohibitive provisions regulate the right to freedom of expression while regulating the defense, which prohibits racial discrimination, blasphemy of religion, and the dissemination of obscene and pornographic content are the most typical aspects. Australian prohibitive provisions on these three aspects The right of reputation and privacy is considered to be important personality rights to be protected, but in some cases there will be contradictions and conflicts with the right to freedom of expression, the Australian libel law cognizance of libel incidents, pre-litigation mediation of libel proceedings. The Australian Privacy Law gives legal explanations on the protection of personal privacy, the media's invasion of privacy and the defense against the accusation of invasion of privacy. Through the analysis of the two laws, the author hopes to grasp the understanding of Australian media law from the relationship between media and individual rights. In order to deepen the research depth and overall grasp of the Australian media method, the comparative research method is adopted to compare the relevant issues of the Australian media method with those of the United Kingdom and the United States.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D961.1;DD912.1
本文编号：2187108
[Abstract]:The media law is a legal norm that a country implements for the conduct of news media dissemination. Its purpose is to protect the right of freedom of expression of the news media. This is achieved by building a balance between the right of freedom of expression and the rights of other subjects in society and giving consideration to the rights. Here it includes the protection of the right of freedom of expression as well as the protection of the right to freedom of expression. Different from the countries that have enacted statutory media laws, Australian media law is not a single legal document. In the process of legal practice, the right to freedom of expression of the media is guaranteed mainly through statutory laws promulgated by legislative procedures and court precedents. It involves many legal documents. The Australian Media Law has not only inherited the British legal system and principles, but also displayed its own legislative characteristics and localization connotation. It has become one of the models for many western countries and developing countries to draw lessons from. This paper chooses the most representative constitution, freedom of information law, prohibitive provisions, libel law and privacy law to examine the protection of freedom of expression in media law from the relationship between freedom of expression and state, society and individual rights in order to grasp the legal principles and overall context of Australian media law as a whole. The Constitution is the fundamental law of a country, which often prescribes and interprets the right to freedom of expression, showing a country's basic understanding and understanding of freedom of expression, although Australia does. The sub-constitution does not explicitly stipulate the protection of freedom of expression, but in legal practice it protects and restricts the freedom of expression of the media through relevant constitutional precedents. This potential constitutional right is influenced by the ideas of freedom of expression in Britain and international law. From the national level, the freedom of information law protects the right to know and safeguards the state. The relationship between information security is defined as the most important aspect of the relationship between the media and the state. It is also an important law to guarantee the right to know. The Australian Freedom of Information Act provides in detail the protection and restriction of the right to know. It is very maneuverable. The public interest, social morality as the basis, some prohibitive provisions regulate the right to freedom of expression while regulating the defense, which prohibits racial discrimination, blasphemy of religion, and the dissemination of obscene and pornographic content are the most typical aspects. Australian prohibitive provisions on these three aspects The right of reputation and privacy is considered to be important personality rights to be protected, but in some cases there will be contradictions and conflicts with the right to freedom of expression, the Australian libel law cognizance of libel incidents, pre-litigation mediation of libel proceedings. The Australian Privacy Law gives legal explanations on the protection of personal privacy, the media's invasion of privacy and the defense against the accusation of invasion of privacy. Through the analysis of the two laws, the author hopes to grasp the understanding of Australian media law from the relationship between media and individual rights. In order to deepen the research depth and overall grasp of the Australian media method, the comparative research method is adopted to compare the relevant issues of the Australian media method with those of the United Kingdom and the United States.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D961.1;DD912.1
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 蔡浩明;;新近的英国诽谤法改革及其对我国的启示[J];湖南涉外经济学院学报;2014年04期
2 白净;魏永征;;论英国诽谤法改革的趋势[J];国际新闻界;2011年06期
3 潘诗韵;;英美诽谤法的特殊抗辩事由研究[J];环球法律评论;2011年02期
4 王宇博;;1900年《澳大利亚联邦宪法》评析[J];苏州大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2010年04期
5 张建红;;表达自由的政治保障[J];南京政治学院学报;2008年01期
6 王利明;;隐私权内容探讨[J];浙江社会科学;2007年03期
7 姬朝远;;民意与表达自由之辨[J];理论学刊;2007年04期
8 文晓静,陈晓宁;全球化背景下的表达自由[J];西南民族大学学报(人文社科版);2003年08期
9 乾宏 ,程关松 ,陶志刚;论表达自由与审判独立[J];中国法学;2002年03期
10 杜承铭;论表达自由[J];中国法学;2001年03期
，本文编号：2187108
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/falvlunwen/xingzhengfalunwen/2187108.html
